<p>In this paper, we consider the singular set for suitable weak solution of the 3D incompressible hypodissipative Navier-Stokes equations, when the dissipation is given as a fractional Laplacian <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13398_2025_1746_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="47" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((-\Delta )^s\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>s</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13398_2025_1746_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="22" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="67" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(s\in (\frac{3}{4},1)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mfrac> <mn>3</mn> <mn>4</mn> </mfrac> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. First, we prove that the Minkowski dimension is bounded by <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13398_2025_1746_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="31" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="215" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\frac{(3+2s)(135+927s-1668s^2+912s^3-192s^4)}{9(16s^3-40s^2+57s+9)}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mfrac> <mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>s</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>135</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mn>927</mn> <mi>s</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1668</mn> <msup> <mi>s</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>912</mn> <msup> <mi>s</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mn>192</mn> <msup> <mi>s</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>9</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>16</mn> <msup> <mi>s</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mn>40</mn> <msup> <mi>s</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>57</mn> <mi>s</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>9</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, which refine the result from (Kwon-Ożański 2022 J. Funct. Anal. <b>282</b> 109370). Meanwhile, we generalize the result in (Koh-Yang 2016 J. Differ. Equ. <b>216</b> 3137-3148) which was restricted to the <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13398_2025_1746_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="40" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(s=1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Moreover, for a given open subset <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13398_2025_1746_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="52" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\omega \subset \mathbb {R}^3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>ω</mi> <mo>⊂</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and a given moment of time <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13398_2025_1746_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="74" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(t\in (0,\infty )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>∞</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, we obtain an upper bound for the number of points of the singular set <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13398_2025_1746_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="70" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sum (t)\cap \omega \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>∑</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>∩</mo> <mi>ω</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13398_2025_1746_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="155" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sum (t)=\{(x,t)\in \sum \}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>∑</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mo stretchy="false">{</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>∈</mo> <mo>∑</mo> <mo stretchy="false">}</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13398_2025_1746_Article_IEq9.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="20" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sum \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mo>∑</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is the set of singular points for suitable weak solution of fractional Navier-Stokes equations.</p>

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The Minkowski dimension to the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with hypodissipation

  • Zhongbao Zuo

摘要

In this paper, we consider the singular set for suitable weak solution of the 3D incompressible hypodissipative Navier-Stokes equations, when the dissipation is given as a fractional Laplacian \((-\Delta )^s\) ( - Δ ) s for \(s\in (\frac{3}{4},1)\) s ( 3 4 , 1 ) . First, we prove that the Minkowski dimension is bounded by \(\frac{(3+2s)(135+927s-1668s^2+912s^3-192s^4)}{9(16s^3-40s^2+57s+9)}\) ( 3 + 2 s ) ( 135 + 927 s - 1668 s 2 + 912 s 3 - 192 s 4 ) 9 ( 16 s 3 - 40 s 2 + 57 s + 9 ) , which refine the result from (Kwon-Ożański 2022 J. Funct. Anal. 282 109370). Meanwhile, we generalize the result in (Koh-Yang 2016 J. Differ. Equ. 216 3137-3148) which was restricted to the \(s=1\) s = 1 . Moreover, for a given open subset \(\omega \subset \mathbb {R}^3\) ω R 3 and a given moment of time \(t\in (0,\infty )\) t ( 0 , ) , we obtain an upper bound for the number of points of the singular set \(\sum (t)\cap \omega \) ( t ) ω , where \(\sum (t)=\{(x,t)\in \sum \}\) ( t ) = { ( x , t ) } and \(\sum \) is the set of singular points for suitable weak solution of fractional Navier-Stokes equations.