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<p>Silicon monoxide (SiO) is a high-capacity alloy-type negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries, but it suffers from severe volume expansion and low electrical conductivity. Conventional carbon coating by chemical vapor deposition improves conductivity but requires high temperatures (&gt; 700&#xa0;°C) that trigger disproportionation reactions, leading to the formation of large Si crystallites and accelerated degradation. Here, electroless nickel (Ni) plating is employed as a low-temperature approach to enhance the conductivity of SiO without structural damage. SiO particles were sensitized with SnCl<sub>2</sub>, activated with PdCl<sub>2</sub>, and coated with Ni via sodium hypophosphite reduction at 50&#xa0;°C and 80&#xa0;°C. A higher plating temperature resulted in greater Ni loading and significantly improved cycling stability. These results demonstrate that electroless Ni plating is a thermally benign and effective strategy for advancing the performance of SiO-based negative electrodes.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of Silicon Monoxide Negative Electrodes via Electroless Nickel Plating

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月25日

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  • Tae Hun Kim,
  • Eunbi Go,
  • Haebeen Kim,
  • Ji Heon Ryu

摘要

Silicon monoxide (SiO) is a high-capacity alloy-type negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries, but it suffers from severe volume expansion and low electrical conductivity. Conventional carbon coating by chemical vapor deposition improves conductivity but requires high temperatures (> 700 °C) that trigger disproportionation reactions, leading to the formation of large Si crystallites and accelerated degradation. Here, electroless nickel (Ni) plating is employed as a low-temperature approach to enhance the conductivity of SiO without structural damage. SiO particles were sensitized with SnCl2, activated with PdCl2, and coated with Ni via sodium hypophosphite reduction at 50 °C and 80 °C. A higher plating temperature resulted in greater Ni loading and significantly improved cycling stability. These results demonstrate that electroless Ni plating is a thermally benign and effective strategy for advancing the performance of SiO-based negative electrodes.

Graphical Abstract