Scholarlink

<p>Synthetic dyes mostly used in textile industry often don’t stick tightly to fabrics, result in significant water pollution. In this study, eco-friendly composite of <i>Saccharum munja</i> (SM) with activated graphite powder (SM-AGP) was synthesized and used to remove Congo red (CR) from wastewater. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) were used to describe the adsorbent’s surface features, including its shape, physiochemical parameters and structure. The dye exhibited the highest removal rate (98% by SM-AGP) at pH 2, according to batch adsorption experiments. After 20&#xa0;min of contact time, Congo red reached equilibrium. The best fitted models of kinetics and isotherms were pseudo-second-order and Langmuir, respectively. The fitness of the adsorption model to the experimental data was also assessed by performing an error analysis of isothermal and kinetic models using five error functions: Sum of absolute errors (SAE), Hybrid functional error function (HYBRID), Marquard’s percent standard deviation (MPSD), Sum of square error (SSE) and Average relative error (ARE). Thermodynamic analyses showed that the adsorption of dye by SM-AGP was endothermic and spontaneous due to positive enthalpy change (∆<i>H</i>) and negative Gibbs free energy change (∆<i>G</i>) values. The adsorbent’s 95% regeneration capacity was demonstrated by the desorption study. These results revealed that SM-AGP is an effective material for efficient removal of dye from wastewater.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Saccharum munja-Based Activated Graphite Powder Composite (SM-AGP) for Adsorptive Removal of Congo Red Dye: Mechanistic Modeling and Error Analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月2日

查看全文
  • Rabia Rasool,
  • Abida Kausar,
  • Sana Ijaz

摘要

Synthetic dyes mostly used in textile industry often don’t stick tightly to fabrics, result in significant water pollution. In this study, eco-friendly composite of Saccharum munja (SM) with activated graphite powder (SM-AGP) was synthesized and used to remove Congo red (CR) from wastewater. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) were used to describe the adsorbent’s surface features, including its shape, physiochemical parameters and structure. The dye exhibited the highest removal rate (98% by SM-AGP) at pH 2, according to batch adsorption experiments. After 20 min of contact time, Congo red reached equilibrium. The best fitted models of kinetics and isotherms were pseudo-second-order and Langmuir, respectively. The fitness of the adsorption model to the experimental data was also assessed by performing an error analysis of isothermal and kinetic models using five error functions: Sum of absolute errors (SAE), Hybrid functional error function (HYBRID), Marquard’s percent standard deviation (MPSD), Sum of square error (SSE) and Average relative error (ARE). Thermodynamic analyses showed that the adsorption of dye by SM-AGP was endothermic and spontaneous due to positive enthalpy change (∆H) and negative Gibbs free energy change (∆G) values. The adsorbent’s 95% regeneration capacity was demonstrated by the desorption study. These results revealed that SM-AGP is an effective material for efficient removal of dye from wastewater.