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<p>Remediation of phosphate from eutrophic water bodies poses a major environmental challenge. This study presents a novel bio-inspired magnetic non-absorbent, where bovine serum albumin (BSA) is used to modify magnetic iron oxide (MIO), enhancing its dispersibility, adsorption performance, and reusability. The BSA-MIO composite was synthesized via co-precipitation and applied in a fixed-bed column for continuous phosphate removal. The adsorbent (BSA-MIO) characterization was performed using FE-SEM, XRD, FTIR, and EDX analyses. The impact of feed concentration (5–10&#xa0;mg <i>P</i>/<i>L</i>), flow rate (6–12&#xa0;mL/min), and bed height (1.3–2.6&#xa0;cm) on breakthrough curves was evaluated and modeled using Adams–Bohart (A–B), Thomas (TH), and Yoon–Nelson (Y–N) breakthrough models. The highest adsorption capacity (5.16&#xa0;mg P/g) was achieved at 10&#xa0;mg <i>P</i>/<i>L</i>, 6&#xa0;mL/min, and 2.6&#xa0;cm bed height with a maximum removal efficiency of 90.3%. Breakthrough and exhaustion times improved with the greater bed height and lower feed velocity. Desorption efficiency of 70.3% was achieved using 1&#xa0;M NaOH and 0.1&#xa0;M NaCl solution, demonstrating potential for adsorbent regeneration. The results highlight BSA-MIO as an efficient, magnetically recoverable, and suitable alternative for phosphate removal and recovery.</p>

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Sustainable Resource Recovery Using Tailored Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoadsorbents in a Continuous-Flow Fixed-Bed System

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月18日

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  • Aftab Ahmad Khan,
  • Muhammad Naveed Afridi

摘要

Remediation of phosphate from eutrophic water bodies poses a major environmental challenge. This study presents a novel bio-inspired magnetic non-absorbent, where bovine serum albumin (BSA) is used to modify magnetic iron oxide (MIO), enhancing its dispersibility, adsorption performance, and reusability. The BSA-MIO composite was synthesized via co-precipitation and applied in a fixed-bed column for continuous phosphate removal. The adsorbent (BSA-MIO) characterization was performed using FE-SEM, XRD, FTIR, and EDX analyses. The impact of feed concentration (5–10 mg P/L), flow rate (6–12 mL/min), and bed height (1.3–2.6 cm) on breakthrough curves was evaluated and modeled using Adams–Bohart (A–B), Thomas (TH), and Yoon–Nelson (Y–N) breakthrough models. The highest adsorption capacity (5.16 mg P/g) was achieved at 10 mg P/L, 6 mL/min, and 2.6 cm bed height with a maximum removal efficiency of 90.3%. Breakthrough and exhaustion times improved with the greater bed height and lower feed velocity. Desorption efficiency of 70.3% was achieved using 1 M NaOH and 0.1 M NaCl solution, demonstrating potential for adsorbent regeneration. The results highlight BSA-MIO as an efficient, magnetically recoverable, and suitable alternative for phosphate removal and recovery.