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<p>This study focuses on the dry sliding wear behavior of 300-grade maraging steel (300MS) produced by the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process using an M2 Concept Laser machine. The effects of different heat treatments on the microstrutcure, hardness, and wear resistance were evaluated. The as-built samples were subjected to aging only and to a combination of solution and aging heat treatments. The aging treatment was conducted at 440&#xa0;°C, 510&#xa0;°C, and 600&#xa0;°C for varying times, followed by air cooling. The solution treatment was performed at 820&#xa0;°C for 1&#xa0;h prior to aging. The characterization methods included optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atom probe tomography, X-ray diffraction, hardness testing, and wear testing using pin-on-disk equipment. Conventional 300MS samples subjected to the same heat treatments were used for comparison. The as-built LPBF samples exhibited the lowest hardness due to limited precipitation strengthening. The LPBF samples aged at 440&#xa0;°C for 10&#xa0;h achieved the highest hardness due to the optimal nanoscale precipitate formation. The LPBF samples aged and solution-aged at 600&#xa0;°C for 10&#xa0;h exhibited comparable and superior wear resistance compared to the other tested conditions. This enhanced performance is attributed to the presence of large, stable, adhered precipitates, wear-induced work hardening, and strain-induced transformation of reversed austenite into martensite under sliding contact. These findings provide insights into optimizing heat treatment for 300MS produced by LPBF process, enabling tailored properties for specific applications.</p>

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Effects of Heat Treatment on Microstructure, Hardness, and Dry Sliding Wear of 300-Grade Maraging Steel Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月2日

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  • Sabrina Bodziak,
  • Kassim S. Al-Rubaie,
  • Manar N. Krmasha,
  • Fernando Humel Lafratta

摘要

This study focuses on the dry sliding wear behavior of 300-grade maraging steel (300MS) produced by the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process using an M2 Concept Laser machine. The effects of different heat treatments on the microstrutcure, hardness, and wear resistance were evaluated. The as-built samples were subjected to aging only and to a combination of solution and aging heat treatments. The aging treatment was conducted at 440 °C, 510 °C, and 600 °C for varying times, followed by air cooling. The solution treatment was performed at 820 °C for 1 h prior to aging. The characterization methods included optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atom probe tomography, X-ray diffraction, hardness testing, and wear testing using pin-on-disk equipment. Conventional 300MS samples subjected to the same heat treatments were used for comparison. The as-built LPBF samples exhibited the lowest hardness due to limited precipitation strengthening. The LPBF samples aged at 440 °C for 10 h achieved the highest hardness due to the optimal nanoscale precipitate formation. The LPBF samples aged and solution-aged at 600 °C for 10 h exhibited comparable and superior wear resistance compared to the other tested conditions. This enhanced performance is attributed to the presence of large, stable, adhered precipitates, wear-induced work hardening, and strain-induced transformation of reversed austenite into martensite under sliding contact. These findings provide insights into optimizing heat treatment for 300MS produced by LPBF process, enabling tailored properties for specific applications.