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<p>Proton exchange membrane fuel cells with straight channels face challenges in reactant distribution due to limited reactant transfer. To address this problem, a new design for the cathode channel in a straight-channel PEM fuel cell using different forms of recesses was presented, and its effect on temperature, reactant transfer, current, and power densities was investigated. At first, the current and power density were analyzed in different recession lengths and widths to find their suitable values. Then four different recession designs, namely triangular recession, trapezoidal recession, rectangular recession, and reversed trapezoidal recession, were introduced for the first time. These new models were compared to the base case, using the same active reaction areas and inlet mass flow rates at both anode and cathode sides. The results showed that introducing recess configurations increased current and power density by approximately 30% compared to the base model. Among the newly introduced models, the reversed trapezoidal recession configuration had the highest output power of 1.03 W due to its larger recession wall angle and consequent increased flow resistance. Conversely, the triangular recession configurations had the lowest output power of 0.9 W and a less uniformity in reactant distribution. These findings highlight the potential of recessed channels to improve industrial PEM fuel cell efficiency while retaining the advantages of straight-channel designs.</p>

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Effect of Recess Configuration in the Cathode Channel on PEM Fuel Cell Performance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月25日

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  • Akbar Mohammadi-Ahmar,
  • Ali Solati,
  • Behzad Nasiri,
  • Milad Nasiri

摘要

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells with straight channels face challenges in reactant distribution due to limited reactant transfer. To address this problem, a new design for the cathode channel in a straight-channel PEM fuel cell using different forms of recesses was presented, and its effect on temperature, reactant transfer, current, and power densities was investigated. At first, the current and power density were analyzed in different recession lengths and widths to find their suitable values. Then four different recession designs, namely triangular recession, trapezoidal recession, rectangular recession, and reversed trapezoidal recession, were introduced for the first time. These new models were compared to the base case, using the same active reaction areas and inlet mass flow rates at both anode and cathode sides. The results showed that introducing recess configurations increased current and power density by approximately 30% compared to the base model. Among the newly introduced models, the reversed trapezoidal recession configuration had the highest output power of 1.03 W due to its larger recession wall angle and consequent increased flow resistance. Conversely, the triangular recession configurations had the lowest output power of 0.9 W and a less uniformity in reactant distribution. These findings highlight the potential of recessed channels to improve industrial PEM fuel cell efficiency while retaining the advantages of straight-channel designs.