<p>This study presents an effective and economical solution to enhance the daily output of hemispherical solar stills by increasing the area of the basin exposed to solar radiation and thus increasing the evaporation rate. The distillation basin is made in concave/convex shape to enhance the surface area of the top and bottom sides, thus increasing the heat transfer area and evaporation rate. In addition, an inverted solar heater coupled to the hemispherical basin was used to provide additional thermal energy that heats the lower (concave) sides of the desalination basin and maximizes the use of solar energy during the day. Two hemispherical stills were designed and built. The first distiller was the modified hemispherical still integrated with a concave/convex desalination basin and an inverted solar system. The second was the traditional hemispherical still with a flat desalination basin. To demonstrate the viability of the modified hemispherical distiller, production, energy, exergy, and economic analyses were evaluated and compared with the traditional hemispherical still and with other related studies. Results illustrated that the accumulated daily output for the modified and traditional hemispherical distillers was 7.31 and 3.63&#xa0;lm⁻²&#xa0;day⁻¹, respectively. The accumulated daily yield of the modified hemispherical distiller is greater than that of the conventional hemispherical still with flat distillation basin by 101.37%. The enhancement in energy and exergy efficiencies for the modified hemispherical distiller was 115.10 and 192.1%, respectively. Furthermore, the economic procedure illustrated that the cost of yield and payback time of the modified hemispherical distiller were 25.7% and 25.1% lower than those of the conventional hemispherical still with flat basin, respectively. This once again proves the thermal and economic feasibility of the proposed modified hemispherical distiller combined with a concave/convex desalination basin and an inverted solar system.</p>