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<p>Curcumin, derived from <i>Curcuma longa</i>, was evaluated for its ability to inhibit biofilm formation by <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> in a dose- and time-dependent manner. At concentrations of 150&#xa0;µg/ml and 300&#xa0;µg/ml, curcumin significantly reduced biofilm formation by 20% and 31% after 12&#xa0;h, and by 49% and 91%, respectively, after 24&#xa0;h. Lower concentrations exhibited minimal effects. Gene expression analysis revealed that curcumin downregulated key biofilm-related genes, including <i>mecA</i>, <i>OPRT</i>, <i>ODCase</i>, and <i>DHOase</i>, by 45–95%, suggesting disruption of nucleotide biosynthesis and biofilm matrix synthesis. These findings highlight curcumin’s potential as an antibiofilm agent against <i>E. faecalis</i>, possibly through mechanisms involving oxidative stress and metabolic regulation. The results support the hypothesis that curcumin impairs the biofilm matrix, which may limit nutrient availability and bacterial growth. While the efficacy of curcumin at clinically achievable concentrations remains a challenge due to its poor bioavailability, novel delivery systems and local application strategies may enhance its therapeutic potential. Future studies should explore curcumin's impact on biofilm formation in vivo and its synergy with other antimicrobial agents.</p>

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Curcumin-Mediated Downregulation of Gene Expression Inhibits Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm Formation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月29日

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  • Ali Alisaac

摘要

Curcumin, derived from Curcuma longa, was evaluated for its ability to inhibit biofilm formation by Enterococcus faecalis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. At concentrations of 150 µg/ml and 300 µg/ml, curcumin significantly reduced biofilm formation by 20% and 31% after 12 h, and by 49% and 91%, respectively, after 24 h. Lower concentrations exhibited minimal effects. Gene expression analysis revealed that curcumin downregulated key biofilm-related genes, including mecA, OPRT, ODCase, and DHOase, by 45–95%, suggesting disruption of nucleotide biosynthesis and biofilm matrix synthesis. These findings highlight curcumin’s potential as an antibiofilm agent against E. faecalis, possibly through mechanisms involving oxidative stress and metabolic regulation. The results support the hypothesis that curcumin impairs the biofilm matrix, which may limit nutrient availability and bacterial growth. While the efficacy of curcumin at clinically achievable concentrations remains a challenge due to its poor bioavailability, novel delivery systems and local application strategies may enhance its therapeutic potential. Future studies should explore curcumin's impact on biofilm formation in vivo and its synergy with other antimicrobial agents.