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<p>Desalination is an energy-intensive process that removes salts and impurities from seawater or brackish water to produce freshwater for consumption or industrial use. This study uses the specific exergy costing and life cycle assessment methodologies to conduct exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental evaluations of a multi-effect distillation system integrated with a steam thermocompressor. A natural gas-fueled microturbine operates the system, which produces 26.2&#xa0;kW of electricity and 31.54 m<sup>3</sup>/day of desalinated water. The environmental impacts of equipment depend on the material composition, while the environmental impacts of operating the system depend on natural gas consumption and pollutant formation in the combustion chamber. This study innovates by considering the enthalpy of saltwater in the energy balance. The capital cost of the system is US$ 42,244, and the desalination subsystem accounts for US$ 22,837. The specific cost and environmental impact of electricity are 78.59 US$/GJ and 11,533 mPt/GJ, respectively, primarily due to using the natural gas microturbine. For desalinated water, the corresponding values are 5.87 US$/m<sup>3</sup> and 15,385 mPt/GJ. The combination of exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental results indicates that the regenerator is the least efficient component, which should be the aim of optimization efforts.</p>

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Exergoeconomic and Exergoenvironmental Comprehensive Investigation of a Multi-effect Desalination Unit Driven by Microturbine

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月23日

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  • Eduardo J. C. Cavalcanti,
  • Erick B. A. Santos,
  • Monica Carvalho

摘要

Desalination is an energy-intensive process that removes salts and impurities from seawater or brackish water to produce freshwater for consumption or industrial use. This study uses the specific exergy costing and life cycle assessment methodologies to conduct exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental evaluations of a multi-effect distillation system integrated with a steam thermocompressor. A natural gas-fueled microturbine operates the system, which produces 26.2 kW of electricity and 31.54 m3/day of desalinated water. The environmental impacts of equipment depend on the material composition, while the environmental impacts of operating the system depend on natural gas consumption and pollutant formation in the combustion chamber. This study innovates by considering the enthalpy of saltwater in the energy balance. The capital cost of the system is US$ 42,244, and the desalination subsystem accounts for US$ 22,837. The specific cost and environmental impact of electricity are 78.59 US$/GJ and 11,533 mPt/GJ, respectively, primarily due to using the natural gas microturbine. For desalinated water, the corresponding values are 5.87 US$/m3 and 15,385 mPt/GJ. The combination of exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental results indicates that the regenerator is the least efficient component, which should be the aim of optimization efforts.