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<p>In the present work, Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) welding is carried out on aluminium matrix composites (AMCs) having AA6061-T6 matrix reinforced with micro-sized TiB<sub>2</sub> and nano-sized La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> particles, using specific welding parameters and then the effect of increasing temperature (ranging from 50 to 250&#xa0;°C) on the hardness, tensile strength, and microstructure of the CMT-welded joints are thoroughly examined. Results from the tensile test revealed a trade-off between the strength and ductility of the weld joint as temperature increased. The specimen tested at 50&#xa0;°C reached the maximum tensile strength of 165.92 MPa, while the specimen tested at 250&#xa0;°C showed the highest elongation of 11.76%. The addition of TiB<sub>2</sub> and La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> enhanced the composite’s strength due to mechanisms like Orowan strengthening and grain refinement, but as temperature rises, strength declines, whereas ductility improves due to grain coarsening, reduced dislocation density, and weakened strengthening mechanisms. Fractography analysis displayed a transition in fracture behaviour from brittle to ductile, characterized by pronounced plastic deformation and necking at higher temperatures. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis indicated matrix softening and grain coarsening in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) at elevated temperatures. X-ray diffraction (XRD) peaks indicate the formation of various phases as the temperature increases, while energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) mapping confirms the presence of TiB<sub>2</sub> and La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> particles within the matrix. The micro-hardness test revealed a decrease in hardness within the HAZ as temperature increased, with the highest hardness value of 47.88 HV recorded at 50&#xa0;°C.</p>

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Thermo-Mechanical Behaviour of Cold Metal Transfer-Welded Aluminium Alloy Composite Reinforced with Hard Ceramic TiB2 and Rare Earth La2O3 Particles

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月4日

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  • Vibhu Singh,
  • Qasim Murtaza

摘要

In the present work, Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) welding is carried out on aluminium matrix composites (AMCs) having AA6061-T6 matrix reinforced with micro-sized TiB2 and nano-sized La2O3 particles, using specific welding parameters and then the effect of increasing temperature (ranging from 50 to 250 °C) on the hardness, tensile strength, and microstructure of the CMT-welded joints are thoroughly examined. Results from the tensile test revealed a trade-off between the strength and ductility of the weld joint as temperature increased. The specimen tested at 50 °C reached the maximum tensile strength of 165.92 MPa, while the specimen tested at 250 °C showed the highest elongation of 11.76%. The addition of TiB2 and La2O3 enhanced the composite’s strength due to mechanisms like Orowan strengthening and grain refinement, but as temperature rises, strength declines, whereas ductility improves due to grain coarsening, reduced dislocation density, and weakened strengthening mechanisms. Fractography analysis displayed a transition in fracture behaviour from brittle to ductile, characterized by pronounced plastic deformation and necking at higher temperatures. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis indicated matrix softening and grain coarsening in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) at elevated temperatures. X-ray diffraction (XRD) peaks indicate the formation of various phases as the temperature increases, while energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) mapping confirms the presence of TiB2 and La2O3 particles within the matrix. The micro-hardness test revealed a decrease in hardness within the HAZ as temperature increased, with the highest hardness value of 47.88 HV recorded at 50 °C.