<p>For <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n\ge 2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, let <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(G_n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> be a group and let <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\rho : B_n\rightarrow G_n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>ρ</mi> <mo>:</mo> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> be a representation of the braid group <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(B_n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. For a field <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {K}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">K</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(a,b,c\in \mathbb {K}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">K</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, Bardakov, Chbili, and Kozlovskaya extended the representation <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\rho \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>ρ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> to a family of representations <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Phi _{a,b,c}:SM_n \rightarrow \mathbb {K}[G_n]\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>:</mo> <mi>S</mi> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">K</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of the singular braid monoid <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(SM_n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>S</mi> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {K}[G_n]\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">K</mi> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is the group algebra of <InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(G_n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> over <InlineEquation ID="IEq14"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {K}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">K</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. In this paper, we study the faithfulness of the family of representations <InlineEquation ID="IEq15"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Phi _{a,b,c}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> in some cases. First, we find necessary and sufficient conditions of the families <InlineEquation ID="IEq16"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Phi _{a,0,0}, \Phi _{0,b,0}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq17"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Phi _{0,0,c}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for all <InlineEquation ID="IEq18"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n\ge 2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> to be unfaithful, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq19"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(a,b,c \in \mathbb {K}^*\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">K</mi> </mrow> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Second, we consider the case <InlineEquation ID="IEq20"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n=2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and we find the nature of <InlineEquation ID="IEq21"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\ker (\Phi _{a,b,c})\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>ker</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> if <InlineEquation ID="IEq22"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Phi _{a,b,c}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is unfaithful. Moreover, we show that there exist some families <InlineEquation ID="IEq23"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Phi _{a,b,c}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> that have trivial kernel in the case <InlineEquation ID="IEq24"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n=2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Also, we find the shape of the possible elements in <InlineEquation ID="IEq25"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\ker (\Phi _{a,b,c})\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>ker</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for all <InlineEquation ID="IEq26"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n\ge 3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> when the kernel of <InlineEquation ID="IEq27"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\Phi _{a,b,c}|}_{SM_2}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mrow> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>S</mi> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is nontrivial.</p>

错误:搜索内容不能为空,请输入英文关键词
错误:关键词超出字数限制,请精简
高级检索

On the faithfulness of a family of representations of the singular braid monoid \(SM_n\)

  • Mohamad N. Nasser

摘要

For \(n\ge 2\) n 2 , let \(G_n\) G n be a group and let \(\rho : B_n\rightarrow G_n\) ρ : B n G n be a representation of the braid group \(B_n\) B n . For a field \(\mathbb {K}\) K and \(a,b,c\in \mathbb {K}\) a , b , c K , Bardakov, Chbili, and Kozlovskaya extended the representation \(\rho \) ρ to a family of representations \(\Phi _{a,b,c}:SM_n \rightarrow \mathbb {K}[G_n]\) Φ a , b , c : S M n K [ G n ] of the singular braid monoid \(SM_n\) S M n , where \(\mathbb {K}[G_n]\) K [ G n ] is the group algebra of \(G_n\) G n over \(\mathbb {K}\) K . In this paper, we study the faithfulness of the family of representations \(\Phi _{a,b,c}\) Φ a , b , c in some cases. First, we find necessary and sufficient conditions of the families \(\Phi _{a,0,0}, \Phi _{0,b,0}\) Φ a , 0 , 0 , Φ 0 , b , 0 and \(\Phi _{0,0,c}\) Φ 0 , 0 , c for all \(n\ge 2\) n 2 to be unfaithful, where \(a,b,c \in \mathbb {K}^*\) a , b , c K . Second, we consider the case \(n=2\) n = 2 and we find the nature of \(\ker (\Phi _{a,b,c})\) ker ( Φ a , b , c ) if \(\Phi _{a,b,c}\) Φ a , b , c is unfaithful. Moreover, we show that there exist some families \(\Phi _{a,b,c}\) Φ a , b , c that have trivial kernel in the case \(n=2\) n = 2 . Also, we find the shape of the possible elements in \(\ker (\Phi _{a,b,c})\) ker ( Φ a , b , c ) for all \(n\ge 3\) n 3 when the kernel of \({\Phi _{a,b,c}|}_{SM_2}\) Φ a , b , c | S M 2 is nontrivial.