<p>Medium-sized carnivores often rely on anthropogenic food sources, such as cultivated fruits, as food subsidies. This study investigated the role of cultivated fruits, particularly Japanese persimmons (<i>Diospyros kaki</i>), as food subsidies for medium-sized carnivores in heavy snowfall environments, focusing on spatial scales, landscape context, and the duration of persimmon availability. We hypothesized that the use of cultivated fruits by medium-sized carnivores would vary with the surrounding landscape and that Japanese persimmons would be utilized throughout the winter in rural landscapes. To test these hypotheses, we analyzed the frequency of cultivated fruits in fecal samples collected from different landscapes (March to mid-April 2023) and monitored persimmon use using camera traps (December 2022 to April 2023). Cultivated fruits occurred more frequently in feces of red foxes (<i>Vulpes vulpes</i>) and Japanese martens (<i>Martes melampus</i>) collected from rural landscapes with a higher proportion of surrounding agricultural areas within 500- or 1000-m radius. Camera-trap data further revealed that Japanese persimmons were used by red foxes, raccoon dogs (<i>Nyctereutes procyonoides</i>) and Japanese martens throughout the winter, including periods of deep snow cover, with animals digging up fallen and buried fruits. These findings indicate that abandoned fruit trees, particularly Japanese persimmons, function as an important food subsidy for medium-sized carnivores in heavy snowfall environments. This study suggests the importance of incorporating spatial scale and landscape context when assessing anthropogenic food subsidies and provides insights relevant to wildlife management in regions experiencing farmland abandonment.</p>