Rare Amazonian canids revealed: record camera trap detections of the short-eared dog (Atelocynus microtis) and bush dog (Speothos venaticus) in southeastern Peru
摘要
The Amazon Basin is home to only two wild canid species: the short-eared dog (Atelocynus microtis), endemic to the region, and the bush dog (Speothos venaticus), which has a broader but highly fragmented distribution. Both species are elusive and poorly studied, with limited ecological data hindering accurate conservation assessments. To address this gap, we conducted large-scale terrestrial camera trap surveys between 2021 and 2024 at Los Amigos Biological Station in southeastern Peru to investigate the rarity, behavior, and habitat use of these canids. Over 40,000 trap-days yielded 1,115 independent detections of A. microtis and 11 of S. venaticus, the highest site-based totals reported to date for either species. A. microtis was unexpectedly common at our site, showing a strong association with terra firme forest, predominantly diurnal, highly solitary behavior, and a notable reliance on snakes as part of its diet. The species also demonstrated rapid spatial and temporal habituation to carrion baiting. In contrast, S. venaticus was much rarer. Most of its detections involved pairs or trios, consistent with its known social behavior, and it was mainly active during daylight hours. Our results suggest that A. microtis may reach locally high densities under favorable conditions, such as intact habitat mosaics and minimal human disturbance, highlighting Los Amigos as an important site for research and conservation of this species.