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<p>During typhoon landfall in coastal regions, the simultaneous occurrence of large waves and strong winds can result in substantial wave overtopping of seawalls. This paper presents a numerical wind-wave coupling model developed to examine wave overtopping characteristics of Accropode armored seawalls under combined wind and random wave conditions. The model’s validity is confirmed through experimental validation of free surface morphology and overtopping discharge measurements. Numerical analysis reveals that wind accelerates water bodies at wave crests in front of the seawall, causing forward-leaning wave crests and earlier wave overtopping events. The analysis identifies a critical wind speed of approximately 6 m/s, above which wind-induced wave overtopping increases become apparent. Under wind conditions, overtopping discharge sensitivity increases with <i>R</i><sub>c</sub>/<i>H</i><sub>m0</sub>, with notable increases observed when <i>R</i><sub>c</sub>/<i>H</i><sub>m0</sub> exceeds approximately 1.63. This research contributes to the safety assessment of coastal structures under severe wind and wave conditions.</p>

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Numerical Simulation of Wind Impacts on Random Wave Overtopping of Accropode Armored Seawalls

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月16日

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  • Yue-rui Jin,
  • Jun-ning Pan,
  • Bi-yao Zhai,
  • Lie-hong Ju,
  • Zhao-jun Wang,
  • Yue Zhao

摘要

During typhoon landfall in coastal regions, the simultaneous occurrence of large waves and strong winds can result in substantial wave overtopping of seawalls. This paper presents a numerical wind-wave coupling model developed to examine wave overtopping characteristics of Accropode armored seawalls under combined wind and random wave conditions. The model’s validity is confirmed through experimental validation of free surface morphology and overtopping discharge measurements. Numerical analysis reveals that wind accelerates water bodies at wave crests in front of the seawall, causing forward-leaning wave crests and earlier wave overtopping events. The analysis identifies a critical wind speed of approximately 6 m/s, above which wind-induced wave overtopping increases become apparent. Under wind conditions, overtopping discharge sensitivity increases with Rc/Hm0, with notable increases observed when Rc/Hm0 exceeds approximately 1.63. This research contributes to the safety assessment of coastal structures under severe wind and wave conditions.