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Background <p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affects 537&#xa0;million people worldwide, with its prevalence and complications continuing to rise despite advancements in treatment. Identifying novel biomarkers associated with glycemic control and diabetic complications remains crucial for improving disease management.</p> Objective <p>We aimed to assess and quantify the association between serum levels of CA19-9 and CEA with T2DM and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels.</p> Methods <p>A literature search was conducted using various databases and twelve eligible studies that reported serum levels of CA19-9 or/and CEA in T2DM patients and non-diabetic adult group were included. The pooled analysis was conducted using the random-effects model in Review Manager 5.4.1. To explore the cause of heterogeneity, sub-group analysis and meta-regression was performed.</p> Results <p>Our analysis demonstrated significantly higher levels of CA19-9 [mean difference (MD) = 10.66; 95% CI 8.82,12.51; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001; I<sup>2</sup> = 96%] and CEA [MD = 1.53; 95% CI 0.78,2.28; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001; I<sup>2</sup> = 96%] in T2DM patients as compared to the control group. Furthermore, uncontrolled diabetes (HbA1C &gt; 7%) had greater levels of CA19-9 and CEA. Sub-group analysis demonstrated significant difference in the MD of CA 19-9 levels based on ethnicity and mean age of the individuals and HbA1c levels and MD of CEA levels significantly differed between the individuals with duration of diabetes &gt; 10 years and &lt; 10 years. Random-effects regression showed significant association between CA19-9 levels and BMI.</p> Conclusion <p>This study highlights significant association between diabetes and elevated tumor markers. The association of CA 19-9 with BMI underscores the potential role of metabolic dysregulation.</p>

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Association of serum levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) with diabetes mellitus (DM): a systematic review and meta-analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月3日

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  • Ali Nawaz,
  • Shayan Asmat,
  • Rana Ijaz,
  • Samiullah Shaikh,
  • Harim Mirza,
  • Abeer Fatima,
  • Umm E Salma Shabbar Banatwala,
  • Muhammad Hammad Zaheer,
  • Shumail Asmat,
  • Abdullah Khalil,
  • Rimsha Bint-e-Hina,
  • Paranshi Desai,
  • Faizan Shaikh,
  • Muhammad Arham Khan,
  • Noor Mahal Azam,
  • Qurat Ul Ain Muhammad,
  • Anum Akbar

摘要

Background

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affects 537 million people worldwide, with its prevalence and complications continuing to rise despite advancements in treatment. Identifying novel biomarkers associated with glycemic control and diabetic complications remains crucial for improving disease management.

Objective

We aimed to assess and quantify the association between serum levels of CA19-9 and CEA with T2DM and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels.

Methods

A literature search was conducted using various databases and twelve eligible studies that reported serum levels of CA19-9 or/and CEA in T2DM patients and non-diabetic adult group were included. The pooled analysis was conducted using the random-effects model in Review Manager 5.4.1. To explore the cause of heterogeneity, sub-group analysis and meta-regression was performed.

Results

Our analysis demonstrated significantly higher levels of CA19-9 [mean difference (MD) = 10.66; 95% CI 8.82,12.51; P < 0.001; I2 = 96%] and CEA [MD = 1.53; 95% CI 0.78,2.28; P < 0.001; I2 = 96%] in T2DM patients as compared to the control group. Furthermore, uncontrolled diabetes (HbA1C > 7%) had greater levels of CA19-9 and CEA. Sub-group analysis demonstrated significant difference in the MD of CA 19-9 levels based on ethnicity and mean age of the individuals and HbA1c levels and MD of CEA levels significantly differed between the individuals with duration of diabetes > 10 years and < 10 years. Random-effects regression showed significant association between CA19-9 levels and BMI.

Conclusion

This study highlights significant association between diabetes and elevated tumor markers. The association of CA 19-9 with BMI underscores the potential role of metabolic dysregulation.