<p>Time-dependent materials often show relaxation and creep over many decades in time. Fractional Maxwell and Zener models describe this behavior with a small number of parameters, and their response functions are written in terms of Mittag–Leffler kernels. In this paper we introduce a <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>λ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>–deformed two-parameter Mittag–Leffler function by replacing the classical gamma denominator in the Mittag–Leffler series with the degenerate gamma function <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Gamma _{\lambda }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <mi>λ</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Using a Beta-integral representation of <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Gamma _{\lambda }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <mi>λ</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, we give admissible parameters and determine the exact radius of convergence <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(R_{\lambda }(\alpha )=|\lambda ^{\alpha }|^{-1}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mi>λ</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>α</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <msup> <mi>λ</mi> <mi>α</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, which yields a sharp disk of analyticity. We also prove that <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(E^{(\lambda )}_{\alpha ,\beta }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mi>E</mi> <mrow> <mi>α</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>β</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>λ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> converges to the classical Mittag–Leffler function <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(E_{\alpha ,\beta }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow> <mi>α</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>β</mi> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> as <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda \rightarrow 0^{+}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>λ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <msup> <mn>0</mn> <mo>+</mo> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. A Fox–Wright representation is derived, leading to hypergeometric reductions when <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\alpha =1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>α</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and when <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\alpha \in \mathbb {N}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>α</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">N</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. As an application, we formulate generalized fractional Maxwell and Zener viscoelastic laws in which the relaxation modulus and creep compliance are expressed through <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(E^{(\lambda )}_{\alpha ,\beta }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mi>E</mi> <mrow> <mi>α</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>β</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>λ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. The extra parameter <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>λ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> acts as a memory-shape control that can improve fits to relaxation/creep data, while the standard fractional models are recovered in the limit <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda \rightarrow 0^{+}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>λ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <msup> <mn>0</mn> <mo>+</mo> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>.</p>

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Degenerate Mittag–Leffler functions defined via the degenerate gamma function and applications to fractional Maxwell–Zener viscoelasticity

  • Oğuz Yağcı

摘要

Time-dependent materials often show relaxation and creep over many decades in time. Fractional Maxwell and Zener models describe this behavior with a small number of parameters, and their response functions are written in terms of Mittag–Leffler kernels. In this paper we introduce a \(\lambda \) λ –deformed two-parameter Mittag–Leffler function by replacing the classical gamma denominator in the Mittag–Leffler series with the degenerate gamma function \(\Gamma _{\lambda }\) Γ λ . Using a Beta-integral representation of \(\Gamma _{\lambda }\) Γ λ , we give admissible parameters and determine the exact radius of convergence \(R_{\lambda }(\alpha )=|\lambda ^{\alpha }|^{-1}\) R λ ( α ) = | λ α | - 1 , which yields a sharp disk of analyticity. We also prove that \(E^{(\lambda )}_{\alpha ,\beta }\) E α , β ( λ ) converges to the classical Mittag–Leffler function \(E_{\alpha ,\beta }\) E α , β as \(\lambda \rightarrow 0^{+}\) λ 0 + . A Fox–Wright representation is derived, leading to hypergeometric reductions when \(\alpha =1\) α = 1 and when \(\alpha \in \mathbb {N}\) α N . As an application, we formulate generalized fractional Maxwell and Zener viscoelastic laws in which the relaxation modulus and creep compliance are expressed through \(E^{(\lambda )}_{\alpha ,\beta }\) E α , β ( λ ) . The extra parameter \(\lambda \) λ acts as a memory-shape control that can improve fits to relaxation/creep data, while the standard fractional models are recovered in the limit \(\lambda \rightarrow 0^{+}\) λ 0 + .