<p>In this paper, we investigate the multiplicity of solutions for the following nonlinear fractional Schrödinger-Poisson system of Kirchhoff type: <Equation ID="Equ72"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2025_1094_Article_Equ72.gif" Format="GIF" Height="74" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="447" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} [u]_{s}^{2(\theta -1)}(-\Delta )^{s}u+ \phi (x)u = f(x)|u|^{r-2}u + \lambda \frac{|u|^{q - 2} u}{|x|^{\alpha }}, &amp; \text {in} \,\,\Omega , \\ (-\Delta )^{t} \phi = u^2, &amp; \text {in} \,\,\Omega ,\\ u=\phi =0, &amp; \text {in} ~\mathbb {R}^{N} \backslash \Omega , \end{array} \right. \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mfenced open="{"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <msubsup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>s</mi> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>ϕ</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>λ</mi> <mfrac> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>q</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> </mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mi>α</mi> </msup> </mfrac> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>t</mi> </msup> <mi>ϕ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>ϕ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="true">\</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mfenced> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2025_1094_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="80" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(s, t\in (0,1)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2025_1094_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="58" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^N\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>⊂</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a smooth bounded domain containing 0 with Lipschitz boundary, <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2025_1094_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="48" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\left( -\Delta \right) ^{\gamma }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> </mfenced> <mi>γ</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2025_1094_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="67" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((\gamma =s,t)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>γ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>s</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is the fractional Laplace operator, <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2025_1094_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="15" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>λ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a positive parameter, <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2025_1094_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="121" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(0\le \alpha&lt;2s&lt;N\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>α</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>s</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>N</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2025_1094_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="18" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="180" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(2&lt;r&lt;2\theta&lt;4&lt;q&lt;2_{\alpha }^{*}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>q</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mmultiscripts> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mi>α</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mrow /> <mo>∗</mo> </mrow> </mmultiscripts> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2025_1094_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="31" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="118" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f(x)\in L^{\frac{2_\alpha ^*}{2_\alpha ^*-r}}(\Omega )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mfrac> <msubsup> <mn>2</mn> <mi>α</mi> <mo>∗</mo> </msubsup> <mrow> <msubsup> <mn>2</mn> <mi>α</mi> <mo>∗</mo> </msubsup> <mo>-</mo> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is positive almost everywhere in <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2025_1094_Article_IEq9.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\Omega }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. By using variational methods, we get over some tricky difficulties stemming from degenerate feature of Kirchhoff term. As a result, by employing the Nehari manifold method, under some certain conditions, we prove that the above system has at least two distinct positive solutions for <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2025_1094_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="15" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>λ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> small.</p>

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Two solutions for fractional Schrödinger-Poisson system involving a degenerate Kirchhoff term

  • Conghui Shi,
  • Lifeng Guo,
  • Binlin Zhang

摘要

In this paper, we investigate the multiplicity of solutions for the following nonlinear fractional Schrödinger-Poisson system of Kirchhoff type: \(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} [u]_{s}^{2(\theta -1)}(-\Delta )^{s}u+ \phi (x)u = f(x)|u|^{r-2}u + \lambda \frac{|u|^{q - 2} u}{|x|^{\alpha }}, & \text {in} \,\,\Omega , \\ (-\Delta )^{t} \phi = u^2, & \text {in} \,\,\Omega ,\\ u=\phi =0, & \text {in} ~\mathbb {R}^{N} \backslash \Omega , \end{array} \right. \end{aligned}\) [ u ] s 2 ( θ - 1 ) ( - Δ ) s u + ϕ ( x ) u = f ( x ) | u | r - 2 u + λ | u | q - 2 u | x | α , in Ω , ( - Δ ) t ϕ = u 2 , in Ω , u = ϕ = 0 , in R N \ Ω , where \(s, t\in (0,1)\) s , t ( 0 , 1 ) , \(\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^N\) Ω R N is a smooth bounded domain containing 0 with Lipschitz boundary, \(\left( -\Delta \right) ^{\gamma }\) - Δ γ \((\gamma =s,t)\) ( γ = s , t ) is the fractional Laplace operator, \(\lambda \) λ is a positive parameter, \(0\le \alpha<2s<N\) 0 α < 2 s < N , \(2<r<2\theta<4<q<2_{\alpha }^{*}\) 2 < r < 2 θ < 4 < q < 2 α and \(f(x)\in L^{\frac{2_\alpha ^*}{2_\alpha ^*-r}}(\Omega )\) f ( x ) L 2 α 2 α - r ( Ω ) is positive almost everywhere in \({\Omega }\) Ω . By using variational methods, we get over some tricky difficulties stemming from degenerate feature of Kirchhoff term. As a result, by employing the Nehari manifold method, under some certain conditions, we prove that the above system has at least two distinct positive solutions for \(\lambda \) λ small.