<p>The paper mainly investigates the existence of multiple normalized solutions for critical Choquard equation with involving fractional <i>p</i>-Laplacian in <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2025_1011_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="23" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathbb {R}}^{N}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>: <Equation ID="Equ78"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2025_1011_Article_Equ78.gif" Format="GIF" Height="85" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="571" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \! \begin{array}{lll} (-\Delta )_{p}^{s}u \!+\!Z(\kappa x)|u|^{p-2}u\!=\!\lambda |u|^{p-2}u\!+\! \Big [\dfrac{1}{|x|^{N-\alpha }}*|u|^{q}\!\Big ]|u|^{q-2}u\!+\!\sigma |u|^{p_{s}^{*}-2}u &amp; \text{ in }\ {\mathbb {R}}^{N}\!, \\ \displaystyle \int _{{\mathbb {R}}^{N}}|u|^{p}dx=a^{p}, \end{array} \right. \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mfenced open="{"> <mspace width="-0.166667em" /> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <msubsup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> <mi>s</mi> </msubsup> <mi>u</mi> <mspace width="-0.166667em" /> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mspace width="-0.166667em" /> <mi>Z</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>κ</mi> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mspace width="-0.166667em" /> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mspace width="-0.166667em" /> <mi>λ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mspace width="-0.166667em" /> <mo>+</mo> <mspace width="-0.166667em" /> <mrow> <mo maxsize="1.623em" minsize="1.623em" stretchy="true">[</mo> </mrow> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>α</mi> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mstyle> <msup> <mrow> <mrow /> <mo>∗</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mi>q</mi> </msup> <msup> <mrow> <mspace width="-0.166667em" /> <mrow> <mo maxsize="1.623em" minsize="1.623em" stretchy="true">]</mo> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>q</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mspace width="-0.166667em" /> <mo>+</mo> <mspace width="-0.166667em" /> <mi>σ</mi> <mmultiscripts> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow /> <mrow> <mmultiscripts> <mi>p</mi> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mrow /> <mo>∗</mo> </mrow> </mmultiscripts> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </mmultiscripts> <mi>u</mi> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mspace width="4pt" /> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mspace width="-0.166667em" /> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow> <mrow /> <msub> <mo>∫</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mi>p</mi> </msup> <mi>d</mi> <mi>x</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>a</mi> <mi>p</mi> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mfenced> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2025_1011_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="13" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="42" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\kappa &gt; 0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>κ</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a small parameter, <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2025_1011_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="43" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda \in {\mathbb {R}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>λ</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a Lagrange multiplier, <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2025_1011_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="120" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(Z:{\mathbb {R}}^{N}\rightarrow [0,\infty )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>Z</mi> <mo>:</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>∞</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a continuous function. Under the right conditions, together with the minimization techniques, truncated method, variational methods and the Lusternik–Schnirelmann category, we obtain the existence of multiple normalized solutions, which can be viewed as a partial extension of the previous results concerning the existence of normalized solutions to this problem in the case of <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2025_1011_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="40" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(s = 1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2025_1011_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="41" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p = 2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and subcritical case.</p>

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Multiple normalized solutions to critical Choquard equation involving fractional p-Laplacian in \({\mathbb {R}}^{N}\)

  • Xin Zhang,
  • Thin Van Nguyen,
  • Sihua Liang

摘要

The paper mainly investigates the existence of multiple normalized solutions for critical Choquard equation with involving fractional p-Laplacian in \({\mathbb {R}}^{N}\) R N : \(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \! \begin{array}{lll} (-\Delta )_{p}^{s}u \!+\!Z(\kappa x)|u|^{p-2}u\!=\!\lambda |u|^{p-2}u\!+\! \Big [\dfrac{1}{|x|^{N-\alpha }}*|u|^{q}\!\Big ]|u|^{q-2}u\!+\!\sigma |u|^{p_{s}^{*}-2}u & \text{ in }\ {\mathbb {R}}^{N}\!, \\ \displaystyle \int _{{\mathbb {R}}^{N}}|u|^{p}dx=a^{p}, \end{array} \right. \end{aligned}\) ( - Δ ) p s u + Z ( κ x ) | u | p - 2 u = λ | u | p - 2 u + [ 1 | x | N - α | u | q ] | u | q - 2 u + σ | u | p s - 2 u in R N , R N | u | p d x = a p , where \(\kappa > 0\) κ > 0 is a small parameter, \(\lambda \in {\mathbb {R}}\) λ R is a Lagrange multiplier, \(Z:{\mathbb {R}}^{N}\rightarrow [0,\infty )\) Z : R N [ 0 , ) is a continuous function. Under the right conditions, together with the minimization techniques, truncated method, variational methods and the Lusternik–Schnirelmann category, we obtain the existence of multiple normalized solutions, which can be viewed as a partial extension of the previous results concerning the existence of normalized solutions to this problem in the case of \(s = 1\) s = 1 , \(p = 2\) p = 2 and subcritical case.