<p>The purpose of this paper is to study the boundedness of solutions of the Chern-Simons-Higgs equation <Equation ID="Equ20"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2024_1004_Article_Equ20.gif" Format="GIF" Height="37" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="458" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \partial _tw-\Delta _{\lambda } w = \left| w \right| ^2 \left( \beta ^2-\left| w \right| ^2\right) w-\frac{1}{2}\left( \beta ^2-\left| w \right| ^2 \right) ^2w \text{ in } \mathbb {R}\times \mathbb {R}^N \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <msub> <mi>∂</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mi>w</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>λ</mi> </msub> <mi>w</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mfenced close="|" open="|"> <mi>w</mi> </mfenced> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msup> <mi>β</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mfenced close="|" open="|"> <mi>w</mi> </mfenced> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mfenced> <mi>w</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <msup> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msup> <mi>β</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mfenced close="|" open="|"> <mi>w</mi> </mfenced> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mfenced> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mi>w</mi> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo>×</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>and system <Equation ID="Equ21"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2024_1004_Article_Equ21.gif" Format="GIF" Height="54" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="504" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} {\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} \partial _t u -\Delta _\lambda u = u^2\left( 1-u^2-\gamma v^2\right) u-\frac{1}{2}\left( 1-u^2-\gamma v^2 \right) ^2u &amp; \text { in } \mathbb {R}\times \mathbb {R}^N, \\ \partial _t v -\Delta _\lambda v = v^2\left( 1-v^2-\gamma u^2\right) v-\frac{1}{2}\left( 1-v^2-\gamma u^2 \right) ^2v &amp; \text { in }\mathbb {R}\times \mathbb {R}^N,\\ \end{array}\right. } \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mfenced open="{"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <msub> <mi>∂</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mi>u</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>λ</mi> </msub> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mi>γ</mi> <msup> <mi>v</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mfenced> <mi>u</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <msup> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mi>γ</mi> <msup> <mi>v</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mfenced> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mi>u</mi> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo>×</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <msub> <mi>∂</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mi>v</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>λ</mi> </msub> <mi>v</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>v</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mi>v</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mi>γ</mi> <msup> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mfenced> <mi>v</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <msup> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mi>v</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mi>γ</mi> <msup> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mfenced> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mi>v</mi> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo>×</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mfenced> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2024_1004_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="43" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\gamma &gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>γ</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2024_1004_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="15" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\beta \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>β</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a bounded continuous function and <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2024_1004_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="24" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Delta _{\lambda }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>λ</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is the strongly degenerate operator defined by <Equation ID="Equ22"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2024_1004_Article_Equ22.gif" Format="GIF" Height="51" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="159" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \Delta _{\lambda }:=\sum _{i=1}^N \partial _{x_i}\left( \lambda _i^2\partial _{x_i} \right) . \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>λ</mi> </msub> <mo>:</mo> <mo>=</mo> <munderover> <mo>∑</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </munderover> <msub> <mi>∂</mi> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </msub> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msubsup> <mi>λ</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>∂</mi> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </msub> </mfenced> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>Under some general hypotheses of <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13324_2024_1004_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="18" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda _i\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, we shall establish some boundedness properties of solutions of the equation and system above. Our result can be seen as an extension of that in [<i>Li, Yayun; Lei, Yutian, Boundedness for solutions of equations of the Chern-Simons-Higgs type. Appl. Math. Lett.88(2019), 8-12.</i>]. In addition, we provide a simple proof of the boundedness of solutions.</p>

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Boundedness of solutions of Chern-Simons-Higgs systems involving the \(\Delta _{\lambda }\)-Laplacian

  • Nguyen Van Biet,
  • Anh Tuan Duong,
  • Yen Thi Ngoc Ha

摘要

The purpose of this paper is to study the boundedness of solutions of the Chern-Simons-Higgs equation \(\begin{aligned} \partial _tw-\Delta _{\lambda } w = \left| w \right| ^2 \left( \beta ^2-\left| w \right| ^2\right) w-\frac{1}{2}\left( \beta ^2-\left| w \right| ^2 \right) ^2w \text{ in } \mathbb {R}\times \mathbb {R}^N \end{aligned}\) t w - Δ λ w = w 2 β 2 - w 2 w - 1 2 β 2 - w 2 2 w in R × R N and system \(\begin{aligned} {\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} \partial _t u -\Delta _\lambda u = u^2\left( 1-u^2-\gamma v^2\right) u-\frac{1}{2}\left( 1-u^2-\gamma v^2 \right) ^2u & \text { in } \mathbb {R}\times \mathbb {R}^N, \\ \partial _t v -\Delta _\lambda v = v^2\left( 1-v^2-\gamma u^2\right) v-\frac{1}{2}\left( 1-v^2-\gamma u^2 \right) ^2v & \text { in }\mathbb {R}\times \mathbb {R}^N,\\ \end{array}\right. } \end{aligned}\) t u - Δ λ u = u 2 1 - u 2 - γ v 2 u - 1 2 1 - u 2 - γ v 2 2 u in R × R N , t v - Δ λ v = v 2 1 - v 2 - γ u 2 v - 1 2 1 - v 2 - γ u 2 2 v in R × R N , where \(\gamma >0\) γ > 0 , \(\beta \) β is a bounded continuous function and \(\Delta _{\lambda }\) Δ λ is the strongly degenerate operator defined by \(\begin{aligned} \Delta _{\lambda }:=\sum _{i=1}^N \partial _{x_i}\left( \lambda _i^2\partial _{x_i} \right) . \end{aligned}\) Δ λ : = i = 1 N x i λ i 2 x i . Under some general hypotheses of \(\lambda _i\) λ i , we shall establish some boundedness properties of solutions of the equation and system above. Our result can be seen as an extension of that in [Li, Yayun; Lei, Yutian, Boundedness for solutions of equations of the Chern-Simons-Higgs type. Appl. Math. Lett.88(2019), 8-12.]. In addition, we provide a simple proof of the boundedness of solutions.