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<p>Root-knot nematodes (RKNs-<i>Meloidogyne</i> spp.) are among the most significant plant-parasitic nematode genera, causing substantial yield losses in vegetable production. Chemical control remains a primary management option due to its rapid effect and ease of application. However, environmental and human health concerns necessitate more strategic use of pesticides, including integration of compounds already registered for other pests or diseases. This study evaluated the nematicidal efficacy of five systemic or translaminar pesticides—<i>abamectin</i>, <i>emamectin benzoate</i>, <i>spirotetramat</i>, <i>spinosad</i>, and <i>fluopyram</i>—currently used for various disease and pest control in tomato production, when applied via foliar and soil routes against <i>Meloidogyne incognita</i>. Soil applications of <i>fluopyram</i> achieved greatest efficacy, reducing gall formation by 98.4% and egg mass production by 99.2% compared to controls. Notably, foliar applications of <i>fluopyram</i>—not previously reported for nematode management—also provided some suppression (33.2% and 36.0% reductions in galls and egg masses, respectively). <i>Spirotetramat</i> demonstrated specific selectivity, permitting gall formation but achieving substantial egg mass suppression via both soil (98.4%) and foliar (23.9%) applications, effectively breaking the reproductive cycle. Soil-applied <i>abamectin</i> and <i>emamectin benzoate</i> showed moderate efficacy (70.6% and 41.5% gall reduction, respectively), while foliar applications and all <i>spinosad</i> treatments were ineffective. These controlled climate chamber findings suggest that <i>fluopyram</i> and <i>spirotetramat</i>, already integrated into tomato production programs for fungal and insect pest management, may provide supplementary nematode control without additional applications. However, given the inherent limitations of this controlled-environment study (e.g., small pots and sterilized soil), field validation is necessary before recommending these strategies in practice.</p>

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Comparison of the efficacy of soil and foliar application of systemic and translaminar pesticides against Meloidogyne incognita

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月28日

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  • İbrahim Mıstanoğlu,
  • Gülsüm Uysal,
  • Tevfik Özalp,
  • Zübeyir Devran

摘要

Root-knot nematodes (RKNs-Meloidogyne spp.) are among the most significant plant-parasitic nematode genera, causing substantial yield losses in vegetable production. Chemical control remains a primary management option due to its rapid effect and ease of application. However, environmental and human health concerns necessitate more strategic use of pesticides, including integration of compounds already registered for other pests or diseases. This study evaluated the nematicidal efficacy of five systemic or translaminar pesticides—abamectin, emamectin benzoate, spirotetramat, spinosad, and fluopyram—currently used for various disease and pest control in tomato production, when applied via foliar and soil routes against Meloidogyne incognita. Soil applications of fluopyram achieved greatest efficacy, reducing gall formation by 98.4% and egg mass production by 99.2% compared to controls. Notably, foliar applications of fluopyram—not previously reported for nematode management—also provided some suppression (33.2% and 36.0% reductions in galls and egg masses, respectively). Spirotetramat demonstrated specific selectivity, permitting gall formation but achieving substantial egg mass suppression via both soil (98.4%) and foliar (23.9%) applications, effectively breaking the reproductive cycle. Soil-applied abamectin and emamectin benzoate showed moderate efficacy (70.6% and 41.5% gall reduction, respectively), while foliar applications and all spinosad treatments were ineffective. These controlled climate chamber findings suggest that fluopyram and spirotetramat, already integrated into tomato production programs for fungal and insect pest management, may provide supplementary nematode control without additional applications. However, given the inherent limitations of this controlled-environment study (e.g., small pots and sterilized soil), field validation is necessary before recommending these strategies in practice.