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<p>Endofungal and endohyphal bacteria live inside fungal vegetative or reproductive structures, whereas mycelium-associated bacteria may include bacteria attached to or residing within fungal mycelia. These bacteria can protect fungal hosts from mycophagous organisms and influence fungal interactions with plants. In this study, mycelium-associated bacteria (MAB) were recovered from the mycelium of <i>Pythium aphanidermatum</i>, which causes damping-off disease in several vegetable crops, including cucumber, tomato, and cabbage. Four bacterial strains, designated as PyEB1, PyEB2, PyEB3, and PyEB4, were isolated from <i>Py. aphanidermatum</i> mycelium. Based on 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences, these MAB isolates were assigned to <i>Pseudomonas</i>, with closest GenBank matches to <i>P. yamanorum</i> (PyEB1), <i>P. brenneri</i> (PyEB2), and <i>P. gessardii</i> (PyEB3 and PyEB4). The cell-free culture supernatant of <i>Pseudomonas</i> sp. PyEB1 induced wilting in tomato seedlings under in vitro conditions, while soil inoculation with the bacterium caused visible chlorosis and stunting. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis tentatively identified Advastab 405, by library matching, as the predominant component in the hexane extract of the culture supernatant of <i>Pseudomonas</i> sp. PyEB1. Live cultures of PyEB1 reduced recoverable metalaxyl in liquid medium by up to 79.7%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of metalaxyl degradation potential by MAB derived from <i>Py. aphanidermatum</i>.</p>

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A mycelium-associated Pseudomonas strain from Pythium aphanidermatum, deleterious to tomato plants, and exhibiting metalaxyl degradation potential

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月21日

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  • Khulood Khalid Al-Ruqashi,
  • Fatma Al-Makhmari,
  • Waad Al-Harthi,
  • Ahmed Al-Ghafri,
  • Issa Hashil Al-Mahmooli,
  • Jamal Al-Sabahi,
  • Daniel Menezes-Blackburn,
  • Abdullah Mohammed Al-Sadi,
  • Rethinasamy Velazhahan

摘要

Endofungal and endohyphal bacteria live inside fungal vegetative or reproductive structures, whereas mycelium-associated bacteria may include bacteria attached to or residing within fungal mycelia. These bacteria can protect fungal hosts from mycophagous organisms and influence fungal interactions with plants. In this study, mycelium-associated bacteria (MAB) were recovered from the mycelium of Pythium aphanidermatum, which causes damping-off disease in several vegetable crops, including cucumber, tomato, and cabbage. Four bacterial strains, designated as PyEB1, PyEB2, PyEB3, and PyEB4, were isolated from Py. aphanidermatum mycelium. Based on 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences, these MAB isolates were assigned to Pseudomonas, with closest GenBank matches to P. yamanorum (PyEB1), P. brenneri (PyEB2), and P. gessardii (PyEB3 and PyEB4). The cell-free culture supernatant of Pseudomonas sp. PyEB1 induced wilting in tomato seedlings under in vitro conditions, while soil inoculation with the bacterium caused visible chlorosis and stunting. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis tentatively identified Advastab 405, by library matching, as the predominant component in the hexane extract of the culture supernatant of Pseudomonas sp. PyEB1. Live cultures of PyEB1 reduced recoverable metalaxyl in liquid medium by up to 79.7%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of metalaxyl degradation potential by MAB derived from Py. aphanidermatum.