<p>Technologies and methods for the assessment and repair of broken cables in cable dome structures are lacking. Therefore, this study developed a method that can be used to assess and repair broken cables in a Geiger-type cable dome structure. Initially, the ANSYS/LS-DYNA software program was used to examine the effects of removing different components on the dynamic response and collapse mode. Based on the change in structural strain energy before and after the removal of component, a component importance coefficient was defined, and the influence patterns of component design parameters and shape design parameters on the component importance coefficient were analyzed. On the basis of the analysis results, evaluation criteria and repair procedures were developed for broken cables. Furthermore, the entire cable repair process was simulated using the dynamic relaxation method. The results revealed that the removal of different components resulted in different dynamic responses and collapse modes. The removal of four key components, namely an outer diagonal cable, an outer ring cable, an inner ring cable, and the upper tension ring, caused strong dynamic responses and resulted in a higher component importance coefficient. The removal of an outer ridge cable (important component) produced a medium dynamic response and a medium component importance coefficient. The removal of the remaining components (general components) resulted in a smaller dynamic responses and a lower component importance coefficient. Component design parameters, such as component cross-sectional size and initial prestress, had a minor impact on the component importance coefficient, whereas shape design parameters, such as the number of trusses in the cable truss and structural topology, had a significant impact on the component importance coefficient, even altering the importance attributes of the components. This study formulated criteria for determining the repairability of broken cables in general and important components. On the basis of the sensitivity of different components to the overall structure after removal, combined with operability and cost-effectiveness, outer diagonal cables were identified as the active tension repair in the proposed repair model. After the repair was completed based on controlling component length and using the dynamic relaxation method, both the internal forces and node coordinates of the structure can revert to their original states prior to cable breakage.</p>