Objectives The genetic material of all organisms exists within the context of a regulatory network that governs gene expression that is collectively known as the epigenome. While epigenetics plays a central role in the study of diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegeneration, its integration with the field of toxicology is still in its infancy. Methods After investigating the characteristics of small RNA (miRNA, siRNA), lncRNA, etc. through the literature and the expression and regulation of miRNA genes and proteins according to chemicals, we review the expression and regulation of miRNA genes and proteins in specific cancers, organize the target substances and related substances for each organ in rat, and examine the expression and regulation of miRNA genes and proteins according to chemicals in specific cancers. Results This study examines the relationship between the expression of miRNA, an epigenetic indicator, and the regulation of the carcinogenic process due to chemical exposure in the discovery of carcinogenic chemicals, and uses it as a basic study to select carcinogenic candidates, contributing to the examination of the carcinogenic mechanism of lung cancer such as cooking fume exposure, and the establishment of countermeasures. Conclusion Common miRNAs, such as miR-21, miR-33a, miR-155, and miR-181a, were found to be suppressor genes related to SIRT6, PTEN, Nrf2, and TGIF2 cell apoptosis (programmed cell death), proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Oncoprotective miRNAs, such as let-7a, miR-22, miR-266, miR-466, and miR-499a, were found to be regulated by genes associated with the expression of mutated oncogenes as their main targets. Purpose of the review To select efficient inhalation carcinogenic priority substances, a new attempt is made to select carcinogenic substances using miRNA, an epigenetic technique, and the relationship between miRNA expression, an epigenetic indicator, and the regulation of the carcinogenic process due to chemical exposure in the discovery of carcinogenic chemicals. This is intended to provide a basic study to select carcinogenic candidate substances. Recent findings The carcinogenicity exhibited by (inhalation) exposure to benzo(a)pyrene in cooking fumes was used to predict the following epigenetic regulatory process. First, the expression of the let-7 family suppresses the expression of the Kras oncogene protein, which leads to EGF up-regulation and the resulting increase in Kras expression by the Pten tumor suppressor protein, which is suppressed by the expression of a different pathway, miR-21 and miR-494. Meanwhile, the expression of another pathway, miR-30d and miR-34c, affects cell growth and proliferation; we consider that their multi-step action can lead to carcinogenicity.

Carcinogenic mechanism of cooking fumes based on miRNA expression analysis: a systematic review

期刊论文
发表日期：

2025年3月4日

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Kyung-Taek Rim,
So-Yang Kang

摘要

Objectives

The genetic material of all organisms exists within the context of a regulatory network that governs gene expression that is collectively known as the epigenome. While epigenetics plays a central role in the study of diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegeneration, its integration with the field of toxicology is still in its infancy.

Methods

After investigating the characteristics of small RNA (miRNA, siRNA), lncRNA, etc. through the literature and the expression and regulation of miRNA genes and proteins according to chemicals, we review the expression and regulation of miRNA genes and proteins in specific cancers, organize the target substances and related substances for each organ in rat, and examine the expression and regulation of miRNA genes and proteins according to chemicals in specific cancers.

Results

This study examines the relationship between the expression of miRNA, an epigenetic indicator, and the regulation of the carcinogenic process due to chemical exposure in the discovery of carcinogenic chemicals, and uses it as a basic study to select carcinogenic candidates, contributing to the examination of the carcinogenic mechanism of lung cancer such as cooking fume exposure, and the establishment of countermeasures.

Conclusion

Common miRNAs, such as miR-21, miR-33a, miR-155, and miR-181a, were found to be suppressor genes related to SIRT6, PTEN, Nrf2, and TGIF2 cell apoptosis (programmed cell death), proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Oncoprotective miRNAs, such as let-7a, miR-22, miR-266, miR-466, and miR-499a, were found to be regulated by genes associated with the expression of mutated oncogenes as their main targets.

Purpose of the review

To select efficient inhalation carcinogenic priority substances, a new attempt is made to select carcinogenic substances using miRNA, an epigenetic technique, and the relationship between miRNA expression, an epigenetic indicator, and the regulation of the carcinogenic process due to chemical exposure in the discovery of carcinogenic chemicals. This is intended to provide a basic study to select carcinogenic candidate substances.

Recent findings

The carcinogenicity exhibited by (inhalation) exposure to benzo(a)pyrene in cooking fumes was used to predict the following epigenetic regulatory process. First, the expression of the let-7 family suppresses the expression of the Kras oncogene protein, which leads to EGF up-regulation and the resulting increase in Kras expression by the Pten tumor suppressor protein, which is suppressed by the expression of a different pathway, miR-21 and miR-494. Meanwhile, the expression of another pathway, miR-30d and miR-34c, affects cell growth and proliferation; we consider that their multi-step action can lead to carcinogenicity.