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Background <p>Hybridization within the family Clariidae has been recognized as a crucial strategy for genetic improvement in aquaculture, particularly in Asia and Africa, due to its potential to enhance growth, feed efficiency, tolerance, and disease resistance.</p> Objective <p>This review synthesizes information on the biological, genetic, and technological aspects of clariid catfish hybridization, explaining its benefits and highlighting the ecological and regulatory challenges in aquaculture.</p> Methods <p>Published information on reproductive biology, hybrid performance, induced breeding, and genomic resources of clariid catfish was examined and summarized.</p> Results <p>The reproductive biology of clariid catfish, including external fertilization, overlapping spawning periods, and premating barriers, was described, which shows that viability is promoted. Notable crosses such as <i>Clarias gariepinus</i> × <i>Heterobranchus longifilis</i> and <i>Clarias gariepinus</i> × <i>Clarias macrocephalus</i> were reported, which demonstrated heterosis with higher growth, feed efficiency, and survival rate. Breeding using hormonal agents such as luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog, human chorionic gonadotropin, and Ovaprim has facilitated the production of hybrids. Challenges such as partial sterility, phenotypic variability, and decline of vigor in the F<sub>1</sub> generation were identified. Ecological concerns related to hybrid escape, genetic introgression, and biodiversity loss, which pose a risk to native species, were highlighted. The absence of harmonized regulations, limited genomic resources, and insufficient traceability protocols worsens these issues.</p> Conclusions <p>Sustainability of clariid catfish hybridization depends on the integration of genomic tools into breeding programs, deployment of sterile hybrids, reinforcement of biosafety systems, and establishment of regional policies. A balance between productivity and conservation is necessary; <i>Clarias</i> hybridization supports aquaculture development but requires careful consideration to protect biodiversity.</p>

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Clariid catfish hybridization in aquaculture: a comprehensive review of strategies, challenges, and future directions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月17日

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  • Ukam Uno,
  • Uduak Edem,
  • Thitipong Panthum,
  • Worapong Singchat,
  • Aingorn Chaiyes,
  • Narongrit Muangmai,
  • Prateep Duengkae,
  • Chomdao Sinthuvanich,
  • Jiraboon Prasanpan,
  • Darren Griffin,
  • Saharuetai Jeamsripong,
  • Yoichi Matsuda,
  • Kornsorn Srikulnath

摘要

Background

Hybridization within the family Clariidae has been recognized as a crucial strategy for genetic improvement in aquaculture, particularly in Asia and Africa, due to its potential to enhance growth, feed efficiency, tolerance, and disease resistance.

Objective

This review synthesizes information on the biological, genetic, and technological aspects of clariid catfish hybridization, explaining its benefits and highlighting the ecological and regulatory challenges in aquaculture.

Methods

Published information on reproductive biology, hybrid performance, induced breeding, and genomic resources of clariid catfish was examined and summarized.

Results

The reproductive biology of clariid catfish, including external fertilization, overlapping spawning periods, and premating barriers, was described, which shows that viability is promoted. Notable crosses such as Clarias gariepinus × Heterobranchus longifilis and Clarias gariepinus × Clarias macrocephalus were reported, which demonstrated heterosis with higher growth, feed efficiency, and survival rate. Breeding using hormonal agents such as luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog, human chorionic gonadotropin, and Ovaprim has facilitated the production of hybrids. Challenges such as partial sterility, phenotypic variability, and decline of vigor in the F1 generation were identified. Ecological concerns related to hybrid escape, genetic introgression, and biodiversity loss, which pose a risk to native species, were highlighted. The absence of harmonized regulations, limited genomic resources, and insufficient traceability protocols worsens these issues.

Conclusions

Sustainability of clariid catfish hybridization depends on the integration of genomic tools into breeding programs, deployment of sterile hybrids, reinforcement of biosafety systems, and establishment of regional policies. A balance between productivity and conservation is necessary; Clarias hybridization supports aquaculture development but requires careful consideration to protect biodiversity.