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<p>This study characterized the phytochemical composition and mineral elements of Bhut jolokia (Ghost chili, <i>Capsicum chinense</i>), one of the most pungent chili species. In vivo pilot genotoxic assays indicated that capsaicin (30&#xa0;mg/kg bw) and Bhut jolokia fruit extract (100&#xa0;mg/kg bw) significantly attenuate Benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P]-induced genotoxicity. Morphological, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and western immunoblot studies together demonstrated that, capsaicin and Bhut jolokia extract administered Swiss albino mice showed reduction in the B(a)P induced tumour incidence, multiplicity, number and size of the tumour nodule in the lung tissues by down-regulating the expressions of cancer marker proteins like Nf-kB and PCNA. As such, the present in vivo study demonstrated that daily intake of highly pungent Bhut jolokia in a normal diet is rather beneficial for reducing environmental carcinogenicity. This article aligns with SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-Being) of the UN Agenda for Sustainable Development.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Evaluation of the genotoxic and tumour-modulatory effects of capsaicin and Bhut jolokia (Capsicum chinense) in a chemically induced in vivo lung tumorigenesis in Swiss albino mice

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月19日

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  • M. Sarpras,
  • Kailash Chandra Mangalhara,
  • Suresh K. Abraham,
  • Nirala Ramchiary

摘要

This study characterized the phytochemical composition and mineral elements of Bhut jolokia (Ghost chili, Capsicum chinense), one of the most pungent chili species. In vivo pilot genotoxic assays indicated that capsaicin (30 mg/kg bw) and Bhut jolokia fruit extract (100 mg/kg bw) significantly attenuate Benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P]-induced genotoxicity. Morphological, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and western immunoblot studies together demonstrated that, capsaicin and Bhut jolokia extract administered Swiss albino mice showed reduction in the B(a)P induced tumour incidence, multiplicity, number and size of the tumour nodule in the lung tissues by down-regulating the expressions of cancer marker proteins like Nf-kB and PCNA. As such, the present in vivo study demonstrated that daily intake of highly pungent Bhut jolokia in a normal diet is rather beneficial for reducing environmental carcinogenicity. This article aligns with SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-Being) of the UN Agenda for Sustainable Development.

Graphical Abstract