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<p>The present&#xa0;study evaluates the potential of a biopolymer laminarin (LaM) on inducing antioxidative defense in tomato against early blight disease caused by <i>Alternaria solani</i>. Histological analysis of <i>A. solani</i> infection in susceptible (PKM-1) and tolerant (Arka Rakshak) cultivars of tomato showed increased pathogen colonization in PKM-1 by day 8 compared to Arka Rakshak. Fluorescence microscopic analysis with a chitin-specific dye, Calcofluor white, demonstrated reduced <i>A. solani</i> colonization in PKM-1 pretreated with LaM (0.1%), followed by <i>A. solani</i> infection on par with Arka Rakshak. Confocal microscopic analysis with a chitin-specific dye, WGA-FITC to demonstrated reduction of <i>A. solani</i> colonization in time and dose dependent manner. A significant increase in the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide was observed in LaM-pretreated leaves (0.050%, 0.075% and 0.1%) at 24- and 48-h post-infection in both cultivars. Laminarin pretreatment (0.1%), followed by <i>A. solani</i> infection, significantly increased the activities of key antioxidant enzymes of Guaiacol Peroxidase (GPX), Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase (PAL) in both cultivars in a time and dose-dependent manner at both quantitative and qualitative levels. As part of the overall antioxidant profiling, catalase (CAT) activity was measured by quantitative analysis and there was a significant reduction in disease severity in tomato leaves pretreated with LaM (0.1%) and infected with <i>A. solani</i>. The results suggest that LaM could be a potential elicitor of antioxidant defense in tomato against <i>A. solani</i> infection, which can further be harnessed to develop sustainable strategies for managing early blight disease while reducing dependence on chemical fungicides. This aligns with UN Member States Sustainable Development Goal – SDG-2.</p>

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A biopolymer laminarin elicits antioxidant defense in different cultivars of Solanum lycopersicum against early blight disease caused by Alternaria solani

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月21日

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  • Govindan Muthukumar,
  • Jeyapandi Mohanaprasad,
  • Mehanathan Muthamilarasan,
  • Nagarathnam Radhakrishnan

摘要

The present study evaluates the potential of a biopolymer laminarin (LaM) on inducing antioxidative defense in tomato against early blight disease caused by Alternaria solani. Histological analysis of A. solani infection in susceptible (PKM-1) and tolerant (Arka Rakshak) cultivars of tomato showed increased pathogen colonization in PKM-1 by day 8 compared to Arka Rakshak. Fluorescence microscopic analysis with a chitin-specific dye, Calcofluor white, demonstrated reduced A. solani colonization in PKM-1 pretreated with LaM (0.1%), followed by A. solani infection on par with Arka Rakshak. Confocal microscopic analysis with a chitin-specific dye, WGA-FITC to demonstrated reduction of A. solani colonization in time and dose dependent manner. A significant increase in the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide was observed in LaM-pretreated leaves (0.050%, 0.075% and 0.1%) at 24- and 48-h post-infection in both cultivars. Laminarin pretreatment (0.1%), followed by A. solani infection, significantly increased the activities of key antioxidant enzymes of Guaiacol Peroxidase (GPX), Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase (PAL) in both cultivars in a time and dose-dependent manner at both quantitative and qualitative levels. As part of the overall antioxidant profiling, catalase (CAT) activity was measured by quantitative analysis and there was a significant reduction in disease severity in tomato leaves pretreated with LaM (0.1%) and infected with A. solani. The results suggest that LaM could be a potential elicitor of antioxidant defense in tomato against A. solani infection, which can further be harnessed to develop sustainable strategies for managing early blight disease while reducing dependence on chemical fungicides. This aligns with UN Member States Sustainable Development Goal – SDG-2.