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<p>Prolificacy is a key economic trait in goats, influenced by multiple genetic and environmental factors. This study aims to investigate polymorphisms in five prolificacy-related genes (<i>FSHβ, GDF9, BMP15, KITLG,</i> and <i>POU1F1</i>), and their association with litter size and litter weight in Indian Beetal crossbred goats. A PCR–RFLP approach was employed to genotype five SNPs: g.2645A &gt; G (<i>FSHβ</i>), g.4135G &gt; A (<i>GDF9</i>), g.718C˃T (<i>BMP15</i>), g.12654G &gt; A (<i>KITLG</i>), and c.682G &gt; T (<i>POU1F1</i>). The g.2645A &gt; G mutation in <i>FSHβ</i>, g.718C˃T in <i>BMP15</i>, and c.682G &gt; T in <i>POU1F1</i> were found to be monomorphic, with only the wild-type genotypes observed. At the g.4135G &gt; A locus of the <i>GDF9</i> gene, all three genotypes (AA, AG, and GG) differed significantly (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.01) in litter size, particularly in the second parity, third parity, and across parities. The GG genotype exhibited superior phenotypic characteristics, influencing both litter size and litter weight significantly. In the <i>KITLG</i> promoter region, genotyping at the g.12654G &gt; A locus using <i>BsaI</i> revealed three genotypes CC, CT, and TT with allele frequencies of 0.58 (C) and 0.42 (T). The locus significantly deviated from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), although no significant association with litter traits was observed. These results offer valuable insights into the genetic architecture of prolificacy in Indian Beetal crossbred goats and further investigations with additional breeds and animals is needed to strengthen these observations and better explain the genetic basis of reproductive traits.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Exploring genetic polymorphisms in five fecundity genes and their association with litter traits in Indian Beetal crossbred goats

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月20日

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  • Konangiyur Arthanari Saravanan,
  • Rani Alex,
  • Gopal Ramdasji Gowane,
  • Sahana Varadanayakanahalli Narayanaswamy,
  • Kashif Dawood Khan,
  • Ashish Yadav,
  • Shambhuraditya Chavan,
  • Rinki Paul,
  • Vikas Vohra,
  • Arun Kumar

摘要

Prolificacy is a key economic trait in goats, influenced by multiple genetic and environmental factors. This study aims to investigate polymorphisms in five prolificacy-related genes (FSHβ, GDF9, BMP15, KITLG, and POU1F1), and their association with litter size and litter weight in Indian Beetal crossbred goats. A PCR–RFLP approach was employed to genotype five SNPs: g.2645A > G (FSHβ), g.4135G > A (GDF9), g.718C˃T (BMP15), g.12654G > A (KITLG), and c.682G > T (POU1F1). The g.2645A > G mutation in FSHβ, g.718C˃T in BMP15, and c.682G > T in POU1F1 were found to be monomorphic, with only the wild-type genotypes observed. At the g.4135G > A locus of the GDF9 gene, all three genotypes (AA, AG, and GG) differed significantly (p ≤ 0.01) in litter size, particularly in the second parity, third parity, and across parities. The GG genotype exhibited superior phenotypic characteristics, influencing both litter size and litter weight significantly. In the KITLG promoter region, genotyping at the g.12654G > A locus using BsaI revealed three genotypes CC, CT, and TT with allele frequencies of 0.58 (C) and 0.42 (T). The locus significantly deviated from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (p < 0.05), although no significant association with litter traits was observed. These results offer valuable insights into the genetic architecture of prolificacy in Indian Beetal crossbred goats and further investigations with additional breeds and animals is needed to strengthen these observations and better explain the genetic basis of reproductive traits.

Graphical Abstract