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<p>Understanding the genetic profiles of diverse Indian mustard germplasm collections using molecular markers and biochemical profiling is prerequisite to develop market-driven cultivars with high yield and superior oil quality. The objective of this study was to determine the genetic diversity and relationships among 30 Indian mustard genotypes using diagnostic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and biochemical profile to select complementary and promising genotypes for breeding. Among the 382 SSR markers evaluated, 147 (38.48%) produced polymorphic amplicons with 3.04 as average number of alleles per locus. The mean polymorphic information content (PIC) value, was found to be 0.38 while gene diversity per locus varied from 0.02 (E018 &amp; KBRH040J24) to 0.79 (Ra3-D02B) with an average of 0.469 per SSR primer pair. Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA)-dendrogram grouped all the 30 genotypes into two main clusters, while four sub-populations (K = 4) were revealed by model-based STRUCTURE analysis. PCA analysis of biochemical traits showed the first four components with eigenvalues &gt; 1 explained 82.64% cumulative variation, highlighting their key role in genotype discrimination. The gene specific markers for <i>FAE1</i> gene (FAE1.1 and FAE1.2), AcB1-A5.1 loci (At2g36360) and AcB1-A4.1 loci (At5g41560) were validated and the genotypes under study were clearly characterized by markers based on their susceptibility or resistance to white rust and their high or low erucic acid content. Genetically diverse and complementary genotypes identified in present study can serve as promising parents (donor or recurrent) for hybridization in Indian mustard. Overall, the study provides critical insights into the genetic and biochemical diversity of Indian mustard, laying a strong foundation for marker-assisted breeding programs aimed at enhancing oil quality and resistance to biotic stresses.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Comprehensive assessment of genetic diversity and marker validation in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月6日

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  • Monika Monika,
  • Vijay Veer Singh,
  • Anjana Goel,
  • Ibandalin Mawlong,
  • Bishal Gurung

摘要

Understanding the genetic profiles of diverse Indian mustard germplasm collections using molecular markers and biochemical profiling is prerequisite to develop market-driven cultivars with high yield and superior oil quality. The objective of this study was to determine the genetic diversity and relationships among 30 Indian mustard genotypes using diagnostic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and biochemical profile to select complementary and promising genotypes for breeding. Among the 382 SSR markers evaluated, 147 (38.48%) produced polymorphic amplicons with 3.04 as average number of alleles per locus. The mean polymorphic information content (PIC) value, was found to be 0.38 while gene diversity per locus varied from 0.02 (E018 & KBRH040J24) to 0.79 (Ra3-D02B) with an average of 0.469 per SSR primer pair. Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA)-dendrogram grouped all the 30 genotypes into two main clusters, while four sub-populations (K = 4) were revealed by model-based STRUCTURE analysis. PCA analysis of biochemical traits showed the first four components with eigenvalues > 1 explained 82.64% cumulative variation, highlighting their key role in genotype discrimination. The gene specific markers for FAE1 gene (FAE1.1 and FAE1.2), AcB1-A5.1 loci (At2g36360) and AcB1-A4.1 loci (At5g41560) were validated and the genotypes under study were clearly characterized by markers based on their susceptibility or resistance to white rust and their high or low erucic acid content. Genetically diverse and complementary genotypes identified in present study can serve as promising parents (donor or recurrent) for hybridization in Indian mustard. Overall, the study provides critical insights into the genetic and biochemical diversity of Indian mustard, laying a strong foundation for marker-assisted breeding programs aimed at enhancing oil quality and resistance to biotic stresses.

Graphical abstract