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<p>The genus <i>Lantana</i> is taxonomically complex, exhibiting extensive morphological and cytological variability due to hybridization, polyploidy, and apomixis. Despite its widespread invasive presence in Bangladesh, cytogenetic information on <i>Lantana</i> species from the region is lacking. Five taxa under four <i>Lantana</i> species, namely <i>L. camara</i> subsp. <i>aculeata</i>, <i>L. camara</i> subsp. <i>camara</i>, <i>L. depressa</i>, <i>L. montevidensis</i>, and <i>L. urticoides</i>, were cytogenetically analyzed using orcein, CMA, and DAPI staining to assess chromosomal relationships and karyotypic diversity. Significant phenotypic and cytogenetic variation was observed across taxa. Somatic chromosome counts revealed 2n = 2X = 22 in <i>L. depressa</i> (diploid), 2n = 3X = 33 in <i>L. urticoides</i> (triploid), 2n = 4X = 44 in both <i>L. camara</i> subspecies (tetraploid) with x = 11, and 2n = 3X = 36 in <i>L. montevidensis</i> (triploid) with x = 12. Notably, 2n = 22 for <i>L. depressa</i> and 2n = 33 for <i>L. urticoides</i> are reported here for the first time. All taxa exhibited predominantly metacentric chromosomes with a few submetacentric ones, and centromeric formula of 40m + 4sm (<i>L. camara</i>), 18m + 4sm (<i>L. depressa</i>), 30m + 6sm (<i>L. montevidensis</i>), and 33m (<i>L. urticoides</i>), indicating relatively asymmetric karyotypes. Karyotype classifications were 1B for <i>L. camara</i> subsp. and <i>L. montevidensis</i>, 1A for <i>L. urticoides</i>, and 2A for <i>L. depressa</i>. Distinct CMA/DAPI banding patterns among taxa suggest underlying genomic differentiation. These findings underscore the value of cytogenetic tools in elucidating chromosomal and evolutionary relationships within <i>Lantana</i>, complementing morphological diversity and informing its complex taxonomy and invasion biology.</p>

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Ploidy and karyotype diversity indicate adaptive and invasive traits in Lantana species from Bangladesh

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月9日

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  • Prasenjit Roy,
  • Chandan Kumar Dash,
  • Ishrat Jahan Bonna,
  • Syeda Sharmeen Sultana

摘要

The genus Lantana is taxonomically complex, exhibiting extensive morphological and cytological variability due to hybridization, polyploidy, and apomixis. Despite its widespread invasive presence in Bangladesh, cytogenetic information on Lantana species from the region is lacking. Five taxa under four Lantana species, namely L. camara subsp. aculeata, L. camara subsp. camara, L. depressa, L. montevidensis, and L. urticoides, were cytogenetically analyzed using orcein, CMA, and DAPI staining to assess chromosomal relationships and karyotypic diversity. Significant phenotypic and cytogenetic variation was observed across taxa. Somatic chromosome counts revealed 2n = 2X = 22 in L. depressa (diploid), 2n = 3X = 33 in L. urticoides (triploid), 2n = 4X = 44 in both L. camara subspecies (tetraploid) with x = 11, and 2n = 3X = 36 in L. montevidensis (triploid) with x = 12. Notably, 2n = 22 for L. depressa and 2n = 33 for L. urticoides are reported here for the first time. All taxa exhibited predominantly metacentric chromosomes with a few submetacentric ones, and centromeric formula of 40m + 4sm (L. camara), 18m + 4sm (L. depressa), 30m + 6sm (L. montevidensis), and 33m (L. urticoides), indicating relatively asymmetric karyotypes. Karyotype classifications were 1B for L. camara subsp. and L. montevidensis, 1A for L. urticoides, and 2A for L. depressa. Distinct CMA/DAPI banding patterns among taxa suggest underlying genomic differentiation. These findings underscore the value of cytogenetic tools in elucidating chromosomal and evolutionary relationships within Lantana, complementing morphological diversity and informing its complex taxonomy and invasion biology.