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<p>Poly(n-butyl cyanoacrylate) (PBCA) is a widely used adhesive; however, its long-term stability and unpredictable biodegradation behavior under physiological conditions remain concerns for applications requiring prolonged in-body exposure. To assess its stability and preliminary biosafety under simulated physiological conditions, this study employed a combined kinetic and biological approach to systematically investigate the degradation mechanism and predict the thermal-stability lifetime of modified PBCA adhesives. Thermogravimetric measurements performed at multiple heating rates yielded an average activation energy of 109.4&#xa0;kJ/mol. The degradation followed a phase-boundary-controlled mechanism with cylindrical symmetry, consistent with the R<sub>2</sub> model. Kinetic predictions revealed a strong temperature dependence, where the thermal-stability lifetime declined from over 473 days at 37&#xa0;°C to approximately 85 days at 50&#xa0;°C. Additionally, MTT assays, LIVE/DEAD staining, and cell adhesion tests using L929 fibroblasts verified the excellent cytocompatibility of PBCA adhesives, with cell viability maintained above 90%. This study provides a kinetic basis for understanding the thermal stability of PBCA and offers quantitative evidence supporting its preliminary in vitro biosafety profile, thereby informing further evaluation for implant-related biomedical use.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Thermal degradation kinetics, thermal-stability lifetime prediction, and biocompatibility evaluation of poly(n-butyl cyanoacrylate) medical adhesives

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月26日

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  • Chongxiao Wang,
  • Shiai Xu,
  • Bin Zhao,
  • Guocheng Jin,
  • Li Li

摘要

Poly(n-butyl cyanoacrylate) (PBCA) is a widely used adhesive; however, its long-term stability and unpredictable biodegradation behavior under physiological conditions remain concerns for applications requiring prolonged in-body exposure. To assess its stability and preliminary biosafety under simulated physiological conditions, this study employed a combined kinetic and biological approach to systematically investigate the degradation mechanism and predict the thermal-stability lifetime of modified PBCA adhesives. Thermogravimetric measurements performed at multiple heating rates yielded an average activation energy of 109.4 kJ/mol. The degradation followed a phase-boundary-controlled mechanism with cylindrical symmetry, consistent with the R2 model. Kinetic predictions revealed a strong temperature dependence, where the thermal-stability lifetime declined from over 473 days at 37 °C to approximately 85 days at 50 °C. Additionally, MTT assays, LIVE/DEAD staining, and cell adhesion tests using L929 fibroblasts verified the excellent cytocompatibility of PBCA adhesives, with cell viability maintained above 90%. This study provides a kinetic basis for understanding the thermal stability of PBCA and offers quantitative evidence supporting its preliminary in vitro biosafety profile, thereby informing further evaluation for implant-related biomedical use.

Graphical abstract