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<p>Dual-curing polymeric networks were designed by systematically blending free-radical and cationic photocurable components to elucidate composition-dependent network formation and synergistic effects on curing kinetics, glass transition behavior, and mechanical properties. Photo-DSC revealed biphasic conversion profiles at intermediate compositions (Radical-30 to Radical-50), with rapid initial radical conversion followed by extended thermal cationic dark-cure. Dynamic mechanical analysis demonstrated strongly non-linear glass transition temperature (<i>T</i><sub><i>g</i></sub>) profiles across the full compositional range, successfully rationalized using a modified Kwei equation with Gaussian correction term reflecting composition-dependent phase heterogeneity. Mechanical testing showed intermediate compositions (30–60 wt-% cationic) yielded optimized dual-network effects with balanced tensile strength (~ 30&#xa0;MPa) and elongation (&gt; 23%), while cationic-rich systems (70–100 wt-%) provided enhanced thermal stability (modulus retention &gt; 60% at 150&#xa0;°C) and superior glass adhesion (residual coating &gt; 80%). An Ashby-style performance map identified three compositional design regimes (flexible adhesive, balanced toughness, and rigid structural zones), offering practical guidance for engineering multi-mechanism UV-curable networks.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Synergistic effects in dual-curing UV-curable varnishes: compositional-dependent network formation and mechanical property tuning via radical/cationic curing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月7日

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  • Seung-Mo Hong,
  • Oh Young Kim,
  • Seok-Ho Hwang

摘要

Dual-curing polymeric networks were designed by systematically blending free-radical and cationic photocurable components to elucidate composition-dependent network formation and synergistic effects on curing kinetics, glass transition behavior, and mechanical properties. Photo-DSC revealed biphasic conversion profiles at intermediate compositions (Radical-30 to Radical-50), with rapid initial radical conversion followed by extended thermal cationic dark-cure. Dynamic mechanical analysis demonstrated strongly non-linear glass transition temperature (Tg) profiles across the full compositional range, successfully rationalized using a modified Kwei equation with Gaussian correction term reflecting composition-dependent phase heterogeneity. Mechanical testing showed intermediate compositions (30–60 wt-% cationic) yielded optimized dual-network effects with balanced tensile strength (~ 30 MPa) and elongation (> 23%), while cationic-rich systems (70–100 wt-%) provided enhanced thermal stability (modulus retention > 60% at 150 °C) and superior glass adhesion (residual coating > 80%). An Ashby-style performance map identified three compositional design regimes (flexible adhesive, balanced toughness, and rigid structural zones), offering practical guidance for engineering multi-mechanism UV-curable networks.

Graphical abstract