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<p>This study investigated the toughening of polyoxymethylene (POM) with high impact polystyrene (rHIPS) recycled from waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) for automotive, electric, and electronic applications. POM/rHIPS blends were prepared at various rHIPS contents (0–30 wt%) using an internal mixer. Both capillary rheology and melt flow index (MFI) measurements indicated that adding rHIPS to POM increased the blend’s melt viscosity. This was attributed to the hydrodynamic effect of the higher-viscosity rHIPS phase and interfacial constraints. Small mutual T<sub>g</sub> shifts (~ 2&#xa0;°C) observed by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) suggested a finite interphase and limited partial miscibility, restricting chain mobility and interfacial slippage. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results revealed that dispersed rHIPS domains served as effective heterogeneous nucleating agents, promoting POM crystallization at higher temperatures. Improved thermal stability of the blends was identified, reaching a maximum at 20 wt% rHIPS, as evidenced by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a two-phase morphology, in which spherical rHIPS droplets were dispersed within the POM matrix, with droplet size increasing due to coalescence as the rHIPS ratio in the blend increased. Young’s modulus and tensile strength (TS) decreased by 21% and 19%, respectively, whereas elongation at break (ɛ<sub>b</sub>) and impact strength (IS) increased by 85% and 121%, reflecting the softening and toughening effects imparted by rHIPS.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Rheological, thermal, and morphological properties of polyoxymethylene (POM) toughened with high impact polystyrene (HIPS) recovered from waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月7日

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  • Nour el houda Djerrad,
  • Touffik Baouz,
  • Rachida Doufnoune

摘要

This study investigated the toughening of polyoxymethylene (POM) with high impact polystyrene (rHIPS) recycled from waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) for automotive, electric, and electronic applications. POM/rHIPS blends were prepared at various rHIPS contents (0–30 wt%) using an internal mixer. Both capillary rheology and melt flow index (MFI) measurements indicated that adding rHIPS to POM increased the blend’s melt viscosity. This was attributed to the hydrodynamic effect of the higher-viscosity rHIPS phase and interfacial constraints. Small mutual Tg shifts (~ 2 °C) observed by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) suggested a finite interphase and limited partial miscibility, restricting chain mobility and interfacial slippage. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results revealed that dispersed rHIPS domains served as effective heterogeneous nucleating agents, promoting POM crystallization at higher temperatures. Improved thermal stability of the blends was identified, reaching a maximum at 20 wt% rHIPS, as evidenced by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a two-phase morphology, in which spherical rHIPS droplets were dispersed within the POM matrix, with droplet size increasing due to coalescence as the rHIPS ratio in the blend increased. Young’s modulus and tensile strength (TS) decreased by 21% and 19%, respectively, whereas elongation at break (ɛb) and impact strength (IS) increased by 85% and 121%, reflecting the softening and toughening effects imparted by rHIPS.

Graphical abstract