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<p>The advancement of donor polymer design continues to play a central role in enhancing the performance of polymer solar cells (PSCs). In this study, we introduce a set of copolymers derived from cyclopenta[c]thiophene-4,6-dione, synthesized through a straightforward procedure and constructed in two distinct configurations. One variant features a π-conjugated thiophene (TD-BDTF), while the second employs an extended fused-ring acceptor fragment (DTD-BDTF), with both systems utilizing fluorinated benzodithiophene (BDTF) as the electron-donating component. As anticipated, TD-BDTF displays an enlarged bandgap accompanied by a more deeply positioned HOMO level, resulting in devices that exhibit an open-circuit voltage of 0.88&#xa0;V, slightly exceeding that of the DTD-BDTF-based device (0.85&#xa0;V). In contrast, the reduced bandgap of the DTD-BDTF polymer promotes more efficient charge transport, enabling a short-circuit current density of 20.3&#xa0;mA&#xa0;cm<sup>−2</sup> and producing a higher power conversion efficiency of 7.35%. Moreover, DTD-BDTF exhibits increased molecular weight, improved crystalline ordering, and excellent miscibility with the Y6BO acceptor, all of which contribute to the fabrication of PSCs with substantially enhanced device performance.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Design and synthesis of donor copolymers featuring fused-ring and π-conjugated architectures for enhanced performance in polymer solar cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月25日

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  • Rahmatia Fitri Binti Nasrun,
  • Dong Hwan Son,
  • Joo Hyun Kim

摘要

The advancement of donor polymer design continues to play a central role in enhancing the performance of polymer solar cells (PSCs). In this study, we introduce a set of copolymers derived from cyclopenta[c]thiophene-4,6-dione, synthesized through a straightforward procedure and constructed in two distinct configurations. One variant features a π-conjugated thiophene (TD-BDTF), while the second employs an extended fused-ring acceptor fragment (DTD-BDTF), with both systems utilizing fluorinated benzodithiophene (BDTF) as the electron-donating component. As anticipated, TD-BDTF displays an enlarged bandgap accompanied by a more deeply positioned HOMO level, resulting in devices that exhibit an open-circuit voltage of 0.88 V, slightly exceeding that of the DTD-BDTF-based device (0.85 V). In contrast, the reduced bandgap of the DTD-BDTF polymer promotes more efficient charge transport, enabling a short-circuit current density of 20.3 mA cm−2 and producing a higher power conversion efficiency of 7.35%. Moreover, DTD-BDTF exhibits increased molecular weight, improved crystalline ordering, and excellent miscibility with the Y6BO acceptor, all of which contribute to the fabrication of PSCs with substantially enhanced device performance.

Graphical abstract