<p>Armendariz and semicommutative rings are generalizations of reduced rings. In [<CitationRef CitationID="CR4">4</CitationRef>], I.N. Herstein introduced the notion of a hypercenter of a ring to generalize the center subclass. For a ring <i>R</i>, an element <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(a \in R\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi>R</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is called hypercentral if <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(ax^{n}=x^{n}a\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msup> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for all <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(x \in R\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi>R</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and for some <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n=n(x,a) \in \mathbb {N}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">N</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Motivated by this definition, we introduce <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathscr {H}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="script">H</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-Semicommutative rings as a generalization of semicommutative rings and investigate their relations with other classes of rings. We have proven that the class of <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathscr {H}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="script">H</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-Semicommutative rings lies strictly between Zero-Insertive rings (ZI) and Abelian rings. Additionally, we have demonstrated that if <i>R</i> is <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathscr {H}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="script">H</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-semicommutative, then for any <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n \in \mathbb {N}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">N</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, the matrix subring <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(S_{n}^{'}(R)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mmultiscripts> <mi>S</mi> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mo>′</mo> </mmultiscripts> </mmultiscripts> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>R</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is also <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathscr {H}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="script">H</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-semicommutative. Among other significant results, we have established that if <i>R</i> is <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathscr {H}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="script">H</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-semicommutative and left <i>SF</i>, then <i>R</i> is strongly regular. We have also shown that <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathscr {H}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="script">H</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-semicommutative rings are 2-primal, providing sufficient conditions for a ring <i>R</i> to be nil-singular. Additionally, we have proven that if every simple singular module over <i>R</i> is wnil-injective and <i>R</i> is <InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathscr {H}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="script">H</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-semicommutative, then <i>R</i> is reduced. Furthermore, we have studied the relationship of <InlineEquation ID="IEq14"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathscr {H}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="script">H</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-semicommutative rings with the classes of Baer, Quasi-Baer, p.p. rings, and p.q. rings in this article, and we have provided some more relevant results.</p>

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On semicommutativity of rings relative to hypercenter

  • Nazeer Ansari,
  • Kh. Herachandra Singh

摘要

Armendariz and semicommutative rings are generalizations of reduced rings. In [4], I.N. Herstein introduced the notion of a hypercenter of a ring to generalize the center subclass. For a ring R, an element \(a \in R\) a R is called hypercentral if \(ax^{n}=x^{n}a\) a x n = x n a for all \(x \in R\) x R and for some \(n=n(x,a) \in \mathbb {N}\) n = n ( x , a ) N . Motivated by this definition, we introduce \(\mathscr {H}\) H -Semicommutative rings as a generalization of semicommutative rings and investigate their relations with other classes of rings. We have proven that the class of \(\mathscr {H}\) H -Semicommutative rings lies strictly between Zero-Insertive rings (ZI) and Abelian rings. Additionally, we have demonstrated that if R is \(\mathscr {H}\) H -semicommutative, then for any \(n \in \mathbb {N}\) n N , the matrix subring \(S_{n}^{'}(R)\) S n ( R ) is also \(\mathscr {H}\) H -semicommutative. Among other significant results, we have established that if R is \(\mathscr {H}\) H -semicommutative and left SF, then R is strongly regular. We have also shown that \(\mathscr {H}\) H -semicommutative rings are 2-primal, providing sufficient conditions for a ring R to be nil-singular. Additionally, we have proven that if every simple singular module over R is wnil-injective and R is \(\mathscr {H}\) H -semicommutative, then R is reduced. Furthermore, we have studied the relationship of \(\mathscr {H}\) H -semicommutative rings with the classes of Baer, Quasi-Baer, p.p. rings, and p.q. rings in this article, and we have provided some more relevant results.