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Objective <p>The study aimed to identify foetuses at increased risk of anaemia and categorise it as mild, moderate, or severe using a middle cerebral artery (MCA), peak systolic velocity (PSV) and cord blood haemoglobin (Hb) reference chart, and to validate this chart in Rh isoimmunised pregnancies.</p> Methods <p>A prospective study was conducted on 300 antenatal women between 24–40 weeks of gestation, expected to deliver within 72 hours of Doppler assessment. MCA PSV was measured, and cord blood Hb was estimated at birth. Regression analysis was used to derive mean MCA PSV for each gestational age, with values expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 15.0 (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA), with P 0.05 considered significant. The chart was validated in 40 consecutive Rh isoimmunised foetuses.</p> Results <p>Among the 40 Rh isoimmunised foetuses, 15 (37.5%) had normal cord Hb, 8 (20%) had mild anaemia, 4 (10%) had moderate anaemia, and 13 (32.5%) had severe anaemia, with or without hydrops. Cord Hb values estimated from the MCA PSV–Hb chart closely matched actual cord blood measurements. Sensitivity and specificity for detecting mild anaemia were 87.5% and 87.3%, respectively; for moderate anaemia, 100% and 96.1%; and for severe anaemia, both were 100%.</p> Conclusion <p>The MCA PSV reference centile chart reliably identified and categorised foetuses at risk of anaemia due to maternal red cell alloimmunization. Validation in Rh isoimmunised pregnancies demonstrated high accuracy, supporting its utility for non-invasive prenatal assessment and timely clinical intervention.</p>

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Gestational Age-Specific Centile Charts of Middle Cerebral Artery Peak Systolic Velocity for Non-Invasive Assessment of Fetal Anemia

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月10日

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  • Anwesa Pal,
  • Anindya Das,
  • Rajendra Prasad Ganguly,
  • Sangeeta Dubey

摘要

Objective

The study aimed to identify foetuses at increased risk of anaemia and categorise it as mild, moderate, or severe using a middle cerebral artery (MCA), peak systolic velocity (PSV) and cord blood haemoglobin (Hb) reference chart, and to validate this chart in Rh isoimmunised pregnancies.

Methods

A prospective study was conducted on 300 antenatal women between 24–40 weeks of gestation, expected to deliver within 72 hours of Doppler assessment. MCA PSV was measured, and cord blood Hb was estimated at birth. Regression analysis was used to derive mean MCA PSV for each gestational age, with values expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 15.0 (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA), with P 0.05 considered significant. The chart was validated in 40 consecutive Rh isoimmunised foetuses.

Results

Among the 40 Rh isoimmunised foetuses, 15 (37.5%) had normal cord Hb, 8 (20%) had mild anaemia, 4 (10%) had moderate anaemia, and 13 (32.5%) had severe anaemia, with or without hydrops. Cord Hb values estimated from the MCA PSV–Hb chart closely matched actual cord blood measurements. Sensitivity and specificity for detecting mild anaemia were 87.5% and 87.3%, respectively; for moderate anaemia, 100% and 96.1%; and for severe anaemia, both were 100%.

Conclusion

The MCA PSV reference centile chart reliably identified and categorised foetuses at risk of anaemia due to maternal red cell alloimmunization. Validation in Rh isoimmunised pregnancies demonstrated high accuracy, supporting its utility for non-invasive prenatal assessment and timely clinical intervention.