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<p>A roving field survey (2022–2024) across Tamil Nadu revealed begomoviral incidence ranging from 13 to 100%, influenced by cultivar, growth stage, virus species, and geography. Typical symptoms included mosaic, mottling, stunting, leaf malformation, curling, vein clearing, chlorosis was also observed. Full-length viral genomes from symptomatic samples were characterized using Rolling Circle Amplification—Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RCA-RFLP). Mixed infections of coccinia mosaic Virudhunagar virus (CoMViV), bitter gourd yellow mosaic virus (BgYMV) and tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) were detected in the Western agroclimatic zone. Satellite DNAs, including tomato leaf curl Virudhunagar alphasatellite, tomato leaf curl New Delhi alphasatellite, and synedrella yellow vein clearing betasatellite, were identified. Infectious clones of CoMViV DNA-A and BgYMV DNA-B were developed, and Koch’s postulates were confirmed through agroinoculation of cucurbitaceous and solanaceous hosts. Combined DNA-A, DNA-B, and betasatellite constructs caused severe symptoms with 100% infectivity in cucurbitaceous and solanaceous hosts. Quantitative PCR showed viral accumulation of 10<sup>5</sup>–10⁹ copies/μL, confirming the synergistic role of DNA-B and betasatellites in severe symptom induction and systemic infection, underscoring the complexity of begomovirus pathogenesis.</p>

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Genomic insights and pathogenic potential of begomovirus infecting bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) in Tamil nadu, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月20日

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  • Kathiresan Sivagnanapazham,
  • Gandhi Karthikeyan,
  • Natesan Boopathi,
  • R. K. Mohana Pradeep,
  • Sankarasubramanian Harish,
  • Nagendran Krishnan

摘要

A roving field survey (2022–2024) across Tamil Nadu revealed begomoviral incidence ranging from 13 to 100%, influenced by cultivar, growth stage, virus species, and geography. Typical symptoms included mosaic, mottling, stunting, leaf malformation, curling, vein clearing, chlorosis was also observed. Full-length viral genomes from symptomatic samples were characterized using Rolling Circle Amplification—Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RCA-RFLP). Mixed infections of coccinia mosaic Virudhunagar virus (CoMViV), bitter gourd yellow mosaic virus (BgYMV) and tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) were detected in the Western agroclimatic zone. Satellite DNAs, including tomato leaf curl Virudhunagar alphasatellite, tomato leaf curl New Delhi alphasatellite, and synedrella yellow vein clearing betasatellite, were identified. Infectious clones of CoMViV DNA-A and BgYMV DNA-B were developed, and Koch’s postulates were confirmed through agroinoculation of cucurbitaceous and solanaceous hosts. Combined DNA-A, DNA-B, and betasatellite constructs caused severe symptoms with 100% infectivity in cucurbitaceous and solanaceous hosts. Quantitative PCR showed viral accumulation of 105–10⁹ copies/μL, confirming the synergistic role of DNA-B and betasatellites in severe symptom induction and systemic infection, underscoring the complexity of begomovirus pathogenesis.