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<p>A set of 18 biofortified inbreds possessing mutant allele of <i>floury2</i> (<i>fl2</i>), <i>delta zein regulator1</i> (<i>dzr1</i>) and <i>aspartate kinase2</i> (<i>ask2</i>) genes, developed using marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB), and their two original inbreds (PMI-PV5 and PMI-PV6) were evaluated for germination, vigour and various physico-biochemical traits. The introgressed inbreds possessed an average of 94.5% recurrent parent genome (RPG). The <i>fl2</i> (0.354%), <i>dzr1</i> (0.342%) and <i>ask2</i> (0.260%) gene-based biofortified inbreds accumulated higher kernel methionine than original inbreds (0.183%). Despite exhibiting similar germination percentage (introgressed inbreds: 97.43%, original inbreds: 97.50%), the biofortified inbreds across three genetic backgrounds showed higher seedling vigour [VI-I: introgressed inbreds (2291.48), original inbreds (1838.82), VI-II: introgressed inbreds (106.16), original inbreds (98.49)] characterized by higher vigour indices, increased number of seminal roots (introgressed inbreds: 2.22, original inbreds: 1.63) and higher total root length [TRL: introgressed inbreds (28.28&#xa0;cm), original inbreds (20.88&#xa0;cm)] compared to the original inbreds. Menthionine-rich inbreds individually carrying <i>fl2</i>, <i>dzr1</i> or <i>ask2</i> genes also showed lower electrical conductivity (EC) (introgressed inbreds: 7.01 µScm<sup>–1</sup>g<sup>–1</sup>, original inbreds: 7.77 µScm<sup>–1</sup>g<sup>–1</sup>) indicating better membrane stability and enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) (introgressed inbreds: 59.85 unit mg<sup>− 1</sup> protein, original inbreds: 27.09 unit mg<sup>− 1</sup> protein ) and peroxidase (POX) (introgressed inbreds: 1.90 µmol ml<sup>− 1</sup><sup>−1</sup>&#xa0;g<sup>− 1</sup> DW, original inbreds: 051 µmol ml<sup>− 1</sup><sup>−1</sup>&#xa0;g<sup>− 1</sup> DW ), suggesting higher oxidative stress tolerance during the early seedling growth stage. Methionine content showed low to moderate positive association with VI-I (<i>r</i> = 0.39), VI-II (<i>r</i> = 0.42), TRL (<i>r</i> = 0.38), SOD (<i>r</i> = 0.24) and POX (<i>r</i> = 0.32), and negative relationship with EC (<i>r</i>= -0.31). The study demonstrates synergistic effects of kernel methionine accumulation caused due to <i>fl2</i>, <i>dzr1</i> and <i>ask2</i> genes on seedling vigour traits and highlights the importance of developing high-methionine maize cultivars for better seedling establishment compared with traditional maize. Minor effect of background genome on seed vigour traits was also observed. This is the first report describing the association between kernel methionine on seed germination and vigour-related traits in maize.</p>

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Unraveling the relationship of seed methionine accumulation on seedling vigour in maize introgression lines carrying mutant floury2, delta zein regulator1 and aspartate kinase2 genes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月20日

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  • Hriipulou Duo,
  • Ashwini Vilas Pawar,
  • Rashmi Chhabra,
  • Rajkumar Uttamrao Zunjare,
  • Sudipta Basu,
  • Subhra Jyotsna Mishra,
  • Gaurav Sharma,
  • Ashwani Kumar,
  • Atul Kumar,
  • Gyanendra Singh,
  • Vignesh Muthusamy,
  • Firoz Hossain

摘要

A set of 18 biofortified inbreds possessing mutant allele of floury2 (fl2), delta zein regulator1 (dzr1) and aspartate kinase2 (ask2) genes, developed using marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB), and their two original inbreds (PMI-PV5 and PMI-PV6) were evaluated for germination, vigour and various physico-biochemical traits. The introgressed inbreds possessed an average of 94.5% recurrent parent genome (RPG). The fl2 (0.354%), dzr1 (0.342%) and ask2 (0.260%) gene-based biofortified inbreds accumulated higher kernel methionine than original inbreds (0.183%). Despite exhibiting similar germination percentage (introgressed inbreds: 97.43%, original inbreds: 97.50%), the biofortified inbreds across three genetic backgrounds showed higher seedling vigour [VI-I: introgressed inbreds (2291.48), original inbreds (1838.82), VI-II: introgressed inbreds (106.16), original inbreds (98.49)] characterized by higher vigour indices, increased number of seminal roots (introgressed inbreds: 2.22, original inbreds: 1.63) and higher total root length [TRL: introgressed inbreds (28.28 cm), original inbreds (20.88 cm)] compared to the original inbreds. Menthionine-rich inbreds individually carrying fl2, dzr1 or ask2 genes also showed lower electrical conductivity (EC) (introgressed inbreds: 7.01 µScm–1g–1, original inbreds: 7.77 µScm–1g–1) indicating better membrane stability and enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) (introgressed inbreds: 59.85 unit mg− 1 protein, original inbreds: 27.09 unit mg− 1 protein ) and peroxidase (POX) (introgressed inbreds: 1.90 µmol ml− 1−1 g− 1 DW, original inbreds: 051 µmol ml− 1−1 g− 1 DW ), suggesting higher oxidative stress tolerance during the early seedling growth stage. Methionine content showed low to moderate positive association with VI-I (r = 0.39), VI-II (r = 0.42), TRL (r = 0.38), SOD (r = 0.24) and POX (r = 0.32), and negative relationship with EC (r= -0.31). The study demonstrates synergistic effects of kernel methionine accumulation caused due to fl2, dzr1 and ask2 genes on seedling vigour traits and highlights the importance of developing high-methionine maize cultivars for better seedling establishment compared with traditional maize. Minor effect of background genome on seed vigour traits was also observed. This is the first report describing the association between kernel methionine on seed germination and vigour-related traits in maize.