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<p>Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) is an abundant, low-cost feedstock, but its conversion is limited by structural recalcitrance and cost-intensive unit operations, especially downstream processing. This review examines rhamnolipids as both products of LCB valorization and process additives that improve LCB deconstruction. It highlights the native microbial production of rhamnolipids from diverse LCB-derived streams and the associated titer, rate and yield limits. Special emphasis is placed on different metabolic engineering strategies to increase the complete utilization of lignocellulosic derived carbon and highlights its dual role in pretreatment/saccharification and fermentation, including enzyme protection from non-specific lignin binding, inhibitor mitigation, and gains in sugar and ethanol yields. Further, the techno-economic constraints related to feedstock quality and cost, fermentation productivity, and other the dominant factors that can lower the overall cost and enhance productivity. The review marks rhamnolipid amongst the top ranked biosurfactant and underscores the factors that can prove to be game changer for upcoming biorefineries.</p>

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Rhamnolipids in lignocellulosic biorefineries: dual roles in waste valorization and process intensification

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月15日

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  • Yashika Raheja,
  • Prachi Gaur,
  • Rakhi Kapoor,
  • Ajay Kumar,
  • Vivek Kumar Gaur,
  • Janmejai Kumar Srivastava,
  • Bhupinder Singh Chadha

摘要

Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) is an abundant, low-cost feedstock, but its conversion is limited by structural recalcitrance and cost-intensive unit operations, especially downstream processing. This review examines rhamnolipids as both products of LCB valorization and process additives that improve LCB deconstruction. It highlights the native microbial production of rhamnolipids from diverse LCB-derived streams and the associated titer, rate and yield limits. Special emphasis is placed on different metabolic engineering strategies to increase the complete utilization of lignocellulosic derived carbon and highlights its dual role in pretreatment/saccharification and fermentation, including enzyme protection from non-specific lignin binding, inhibitor mitigation, and gains in sugar and ethanol yields. Further, the techno-economic constraints related to feedstock quality and cost, fermentation productivity, and other the dominant factors that can lower the overall cost and enhance productivity. The review marks rhamnolipid amongst the top ranked biosurfactant and underscores the factors that can prove to be game changer for upcoming biorefineries.