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<p>Dibenzothiophene and its derivatives are abundant thiophenic compounds found in petroleum. The traditional hydrodesulfurization process is ineffective at removing sulfur from these recalcitrant compounds. Biodesulfurization is a promising technology for the removal of sulfur from organic sulfur containing thiophenic compounds and oil. Isolating new bacteria is important for industrial applications of biodesulfurization technology because it allows for the discovery of novel enzymes and metabolic pathways that can desulfurize a wide range of persistent thiophenic compounds. In the current study, a novel dibenzothiophene (DBT) desulfurizing bacterium, designated J2, was isolated from the samples taken from effluent treatment plant of an oil refinery. The bacterium was able to use various thiophenic compounds as sulfur source. Taxonomic analysis confirmed that isolate J2 represents a novel <i>Mycolicibacterium</i> species, exhibiting 99% identity at the 16&#xa0;S rRNA gene sequence level and showing 45.30% and 91.22% similarity at the dDDH and ANI levels, respectively, which fall well below the accepted thresholds for species delineation (95–96% for ANI and 70% for dDDH). The draft genome sequence annotation using Rapid Annotation using Subsystem Technology (RAST) revealed the presence of main DBT desulfurization <i>dszABC</i> genes in genomic pool of the bacterium. The MS analysis (APCI in the negative ion mode) of DBT metabolites confirmed the presence of the deprotonated molecular ion [M-H]¯peaks of 2-hydroxybiphenyl (m/z = 169.08), DBT sulfoxide (m/z = 199.08) and DBT sulfone (m/z = 215.08) in the culture extract. The detection of these key DBT-desulfurizing genes and metabolites suggests that <i>Mycolicibacterium</i> sp. J2 follows the sulfur-specific 4S pathway for carbon-sulfur bond cleavage. The newly isolated bacterium is a promising biocatalyst for DBT desulfurization and may contribute to the development of environmentally sustainable biodesulfurization processes for petroleum oils.</p>

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Genome based characterization and metabolic pathway elucidation of dibenzothiophene desulfurization in the novel sulfur metabolizing Mycolicibacterium sp. J2.

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月13日

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  • Muhammad Zeeshan,
  • Muhammad Umar Hussain,
  • Itfa Amin,
  • Javeria Akram,
  • Kalsoom Akhtar,
  • Muhammad Tahir Hussain,
  • Nasrin Akhtar

摘要

Dibenzothiophene and its derivatives are abundant thiophenic compounds found in petroleum. The traditional hydrodesulfurization process is ineffective at removing sulfur from these recalcitrant compounds. Biodesulfurization is a promising technology for the removal of sulfur from organic sulfur containing thiophenic compounds and oil. Isolating new bacteria is important for industrial applications of biodesulfurization technology because it allows for the discovery of novel enzymes and metabolic pathways that can desulfurize a wide range of persistent thiophenic compounds. In the current study, a novel dibenzothiophene (DBT) desulfurizing bacterium, designated J2, was isolated from the samples taken from effluent treatment plant of an oil refinery. The bacterium was able to use various thiophenic compounds as sulfur source. Taxonomic analysis confirmed that isolate J2 represents a novel Mycolicibacterium species, exhibiting 99% identity at the 16 S rRNA gene sequence level and showing 45.30% and 91.22% similarity at the dDDH and ANI levels, respectively, which fall well below the accepted thresholds for species delineation (95–96% for ANI and 70% for dDDH). The draft genome sequence annotation using Rapid Annotation using Subsystem Technology (RAST) revealed the presence of main DBT desulfurization dszABC genes in genomic pool of the bacterium. The MS analysis (APCI in the negative ion mode) of DBT metabolites confirmed the presence of the deprotonated molecular ion [M-H]¯peaks of 2-hydroxybiphenyl (m/z = 169.08), DBT sulfoxide (m/z = 199.08) and DBT sulfone (m/z = 215.08) in the culture extract. The detection of these key DBT-desulfurizing genes and metabolites suggests that Mycolicibacterium sp. J2 follows the sulfur-specific 4S pathway for carbon-sulfur bond cleavage. The newly isolated bacterium is a promising biocatalyst for DBT desulfurization and may contribute to the development of environmentally sustainable biodesulfurization processes for petroleum oils.