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<p>Green nanotechnologies offer opportunities to develop potent malaria drugs and insecticides. Here, optimized silver nanoparticles functionalized with <i>Piper umbellatum</i> leaves (PU–AgNPs) were synthesized and tested for hemocompatibility and&#xa0;killing activities against <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> and mosquito vectors. PU-AgNPs were obtained after mixing crude extract (PU–CE) and silver nitrate. Standard techniques and protocols were used to characterised PU-AgNPs physico-chemically and evaluate their biological properties. Lup-20(29)-en-3-one (13.02%) and cholest-4-ene-3,6-dione (12.07%) were the dominant phytocompounds of PU-CE. PU–AgNPs were milky green, well dispersed, highly crystalline (94.53%), monodispersed, stable, and majorly round-shaped (78.09 ± 5.59&#xa0;nm). A panoply of compound classes, such as terpenoids, phenols, and alkaloids, constituted PU-AgNPs. The nanoparticles exhibited a high killing activity&#xa0;against the <i>P. falciparum</i> strains 3D7 (IC<sub>50</sub> = 11.44&#xa0;µg/mL) and RKL9 (IC<sub>50</sub> = 12.80&#xa0;µg/mL). PU–AgNPs exhibited a significant hemotoxic activity (62.5 &lt; HC<sub>50</sub> &lt; 125&#xa0;µg/mL). After 24&#xa0;h exposure, PU–AgNPs were most lethal against <i>Aedes aegypti</i> (LC<sub>50</sub> = 11.75&#xa0;µg/mL). The preliminary findings are encouraging for the development of an effective PU–AgNPs-based endectocide. These data should be consolidated with complementary analyses (e.g., in vivo validation, cytotoxicity on mammalian cells, or pharmacokinetic profiling).</p>

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Facile synthesis of Piper umbellatum optimized silver nanoparticles with good antiplasmodial, mosquitocidal, and hemocompatibility profiles

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月10日

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  • Loick P. Kojom Foko,
  • Joseph Hawadak,
  • Landry Brice Koloko,
  • Philippe Belle Ebanda Kedi,
  • Veena Pande,
  • Vineeta Singh

摘要

Green nanotechnologies offer opportunities to develop potent malaria drugs and insecticides. Here, optimized silver nanoparticles functionalized with Piper umbellatum leaves (PU–AgNPs) were synthesized and tested for hemocompatibility and killing activities against Plasmodium falciparum and mosquito vectors. PU-AgNPs were obtained after mixing crude extract (PU–CE) and silver nitrate. Standard techniques and protocols were used to characterised PU-AgNPs physico-chemically and evaluate their biological properties. Lup-20(29)-en-3-one (13.02%) and cholest-4-ene-3,6-dione (12.07%) were the dominant phytocompounds of PU-CE. PU–AgNPs were milky green, well dispersed, highly crystalline (94.53%), monodispersed, stable, and majorly round-shaped (78.09 ± 5.59 nm). A panoply of compound classes, such as terpenoids, phenols, and alkaloids, constituted PU-AgNPs. The nanoparticles exhibited a high killing activity against the P. falciparum strains 3D7 (IC50 = 11.44 µg/mL) and RKL9 (IC50 = 12.80 µg/mL). PU–AgNPs exhibited a significant hemotoxic activity (62.5 < HC50 < 125 µg/mL). After 24 h exposure, PU–AgNPs were most lethal against Aedes aegypti (LC50 = 11.75 µg/mL). The preliminary findings are encouraging for the development of an effective PU–AgNPs-based endectocide. These data should be consolidated with complementary analyses (e.g., in vivo validation, cytotoxicity on mammalian cells, or pharmacokinetic profiling).