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<p>The present study evaluated the anti-inflammatory efficacy of a gold nano-bioconjugate (GNBC) synthesized from the ethyl acetate fraction of onion peel extract. Characterization of GNBC revealed that particles were spherical, averaging 7.96&#xa0;nm in size with a zeta potential of −&#xa0;21.5&#xa0;mV and a surface plasmon resonance peak at 542&#xa0;nm. In vivo anti-inflammatory testing using a Carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model demonstrated that GNBC-treated rats (Group IV) exhibited a significant reduction in paw volume (2.30 ± 0.670&#xa0;mm at 6&#xa0;h and 1.95 ± 0.514&#xa0;mm at 12&#xa0;h), compared to the Carrageenan control group (2.93 ± 0.583&#xa0;mm and 2.56 ± 0.672&#xa0;mm, respectively). GNBC also markedly decreased oxidative stress, lowering lipid peroxidation to 8.07 ± 0.005&#xa0;µmol/L and elevating antioxidant markers such as catalase (75.58 ± 0.162 U/mL), glutathione (4.38 ± 0.01&#xa0;mg GSH/L), and T-SOD (192.46 ± 0.007 U/mL). Pro-inflammatory markers including TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ, IL-1β, and CRP were significantly reduced in GNBC-treated rats, with CRP levels dropping from 2.14 ± 0.027 to 0.83 ± 0.01&#xa0;ng/mL. Simultaneously, anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-4 increased to 70.56 ± 0.006 and 666.95 ± 0.394&#xa0;pg/mL, respectively. Histopathological assessments confirmed reduced synovial inflammation and cellular infiltration in GNBC-treated tissue. These therapeutic effects are attributed to the high quercetin content (716.53&#xa0;µg/mg) in GNBC, which indicates the inhibition of NF-κB signaling and oxidative stress. The study demonstrated that GNBC exhibits potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, highlighting its potential as a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable alternative therapeutic strategy for managing inflammation.</p>

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Assessing acute anti-inflammatory activity of onion peel-derived gold nano-bioconjugate in Carrageenan-induced Wistar rat paw edema model

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月7日

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  • Kabyashree Phukan,
  • Himangshu Sarma,
  • Rajlakshmi Devi,
  • Devasish Chowdhury

摘要

The present study evaluated the anti-inflammatory efficacy of a gold nano-bioconjugate (GNBC) synthesized from the ethyl acetate fraction of onion peel extract. Characterization of GNBC revealed that particles were spherical, averaging 7.96 nm in size with a zeta potential of − 21.5 mV and a surface plasmon resonance peak at 542 nm. In vivo anti-inflammatory testing using a Carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model demonstrated that GNBC-treated rats (Group IV) exhibited a significant reduction in paw volume (2.30 ± 0.670 mm at 6 h and 1.95 ± 0.514 mm at 12 h), compared to the Carrageenan control group (2.93 ± 0.583 mm and 2.56 ± 0.672 mm, respectively). GNBC also markedly decreased oxidative stress, lowering lipid peroxidation to 8.07 ± 0.005 µmol/L and elevating antioxidant markers such as catalase (75.58 ± 0.162 U/mL), glutathione (4.38 ± 0.01 mg GSH/L), and T-SOD (192.46 ± 0.007 U/mL). Pro-inflammatory markers including TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ, IL-1β, and CRP were significantly reduced in GNBC-treated rats, with CRP levels dropping from 2.14 ± 0.027 to 0.83 ± 0.01 ng/mL. Simultaneously, anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-4 increased to 70.56 ± 0.006 and 666.95 ± 0.394 pg/mL, respectively. Histopathological assessments confirmed reduced synovial inflammation and cellular infiltration in GNBC-treated tissue. These therapeutic effects are attributed to the high quercetin content (716.53 µg/mg) in GNBC, which indicates the inhibition of NF-κB signaling and oxidative stress. The study demonstrated that GNBC exhibits potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, highlighting its potential as a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable alternative therapeutic strategy for managing inflammation.