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<p>Understanding plant-microbiome interactions is crucial for shaping plant health, productivity, and resilience by mediating nutrient acquisition and resistance to stresses. Following this interaction, breeders can select plants that form stable and beneficial associations with microbes. These plants need minimum chemical inputs, such as fertilizers and pesticides, which aligns with the goals of climate-smart agriculture by promoting sustainable biodiversity, reducing the environmental footprint of farming, and fostering ecosystem restoration. Moreover, advances in phenomics and genomics tools may facilitate the identification of microbial quantitative trait loci (QTL) genomic regions influencing microbial traits underlying M (microbial) genes like Mr (microbial responsive) and Ms (microbial shaping) genes for integrated plant breeding programs. Despite their roles in plant breeding, the crosstalk among the diverse interactions of thousands of functional genes with genotype (plant) × environment × microbiome (G×E×M) needs further exploration. Therefore, this review uniquely synthesizes recent phenotypic, genetic, and genomic insights into the plant-microbiome interactions, offering actionable strategies for their integration into breeding programs to advance sustainable agriculture.</p>

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Harnessing plant–microbe interactions for sustainable crop improvement: from genomics to breeding

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月28日

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  • Omar Kayess,
  • Tahjib-Ul-Arif,
  • Tanushree Halder,
  • Nurealam Siddiqui

摘要

Understanding plant-microbiome interactions is crucial for shaping plant health, productivity, and resilience by mediating nutrient acquisition and resistance to stresses. Following this interaction, breeders can select plants that form stable and beneficial associations with microbes. These plants need minimum chemical inputs, such as fertilizers and pesticides, which aligns with the goals of climate-smart agriculture by promoting sustainable biodiversity, reducing the environmental footprint of farming, and fostering ecosystem restoration. Moreover, advances in phenomics and genomics tools may facilitate the identification of microbial quantitative trait loci (QTL) genomic regions influencing microbial traits underlying M (microbial) genes like Mr (microbial responsive) and Ms (microbial shaping) genes for integrated plant breeding programs. Despite their roles in plant breeding, the crosstalk among the diverse interactions of thousands of functional genes with genotype (plant) × environment × microbiome (G×E×M) needs further exploration. Therefore, this review uniquely synthesizes recent phenotypic, genetic, and genomic insights into the plant-microbiome interactions, offering actionable strategies for their integration into breeding programs to advance sustainable agriculture.