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<p>The implementation of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (PMSMs) has been increasing in recent years. They play a central role in the advancement of electric vehicles, the expansion of wind energy generation, and the improvement of industrial efficiency. However, detecting inter-turn short-circuit (ITSC) faults remains a challenge, especially in their incipient stage, as these faults often begin with the loss of only a few coil turns. If undiagnosed, such faults can spread quickly, drastically shortening the lifespan of the machine. This paper presents a detailed analysis of ITSC fault detection in PMSMs based on the inspection of symmetrical components features of the stator currents and/or voltagesh. Features such as positive, negative, and zero-sequence phasor modules, angles, and their relative variations are explored. The study is conducted by analyzing the data obtained from a digital model and by validating them through experimental measurements in a laboratory using a 3.5&#xa0;kW surface-mounted PMSM. Particular attention is given to identifying the most relevant and accurate diagnostic signature measurements. Results for steady-state diagnostics show that the negative angle variation relative to the positive sequence allows a fast ITSC fault detection regardless of the operating point of the machine, even for high fault resistances.</p>

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Symmetrical components features analysis for inter-turn fault detection in permanent magnet synchronous machines

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月6日

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  • Jesús M. Pérez-García,
  • Felipe Uriondo,
  • Ainhoa Pujana,
  • Eugenio Perea Olabarria,
  • Pablo Eguía,
  • José M. Guerrero

摘要

The implementation of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (PMSMs) has been increasing in recent years. They play a central role in the advancement of electric vehicles, the expansion of wind energy generation, and the improvement of industrial efficiency. However, detecting inter-turn short-circuit (ITSC) faults remains a challenge, especially in their incipient stage, as these faults often begin with the loss of only a few coil turns. If undiagnosed, such faults can spread quickly, drastically shortening the lifespan of the machine. This paper presents a detailed analysis of ITSC fault detection in PMSMs based on the inspection of symmetrical components features of the stator currents and/or voltagesh. Features such as positive, negative, and zero-sequence phasor modules, angles, and their relative variations are explored. The study is conducted by analyzing the data obtained from a digital model and by validating them through experimental measurements in a laboratory using a 3.5 kW surface-mounted PMSM. Particular attention is given to identifying the most relevant and accurate diagnostic signature measurements. Results for steady-state diagnostics show that the negative angle variation relative to the positive sequence allows a fast ITSC fault detection regardless of the operating point of the machine, even for high fault resistances.