<p>Currently, rural planning faces problems such as high information acquisition costs and low efficiency. Therefore, this article uses wireless sensor networks to construct a rural planning information collection system, and combines image segmentation methods to achieve intelligent analysis and optimization of rural land parcels, providing scientific basis for rural planning. Wireless sensor nodes were deployed to construct a rural planning information collection network, which were installed at different locations on rural land parcels to collect environmental data. Using image segmentation technology to finely analyze and optimize rural land parcels, in order to accurately identify various elements in rural land parcels, such as buildings, farmland, roads, etc., helps to accurately capture the spatial structure and features of rural land parcels. Sensor data provides rich environmental information, while image information can display the real situation of rural land parcels. Combining the two can obtain a more comprehensive data perspective. Processing and analyzing these data, mining their patterns and features, and extracting key features for rural planning can help planners better understand the current situation and potential of rural plots. When formulating planning plans, various factors can be considered more scientifically and reasonably to achieve the sustainability and efficiency of rural development.</p>