<p>Thermal power plants play a crucial role in the sugar industry for producing electricity and useful heat energy. In the sugar industry, utilise the byproducts of sugar production, bagasse (fibrous residue from sugarcane), as fuel to produce steam. This steam is used to drive a steam turbine, which in turn drives an electrical generator, producing electricity. The fundamental concepts of power generation had been refined to enhance the power generation efficiency through the use of modern techniques of waste heat recovery in the sugar industry. Maintaining the power plant to ensure it operates without failure is crucial for long-term performance, cost-effective output, and competence. By identifying the root causes of failures, it becomes possible to implement preventive maintenance and design improvements, leading to enhanced turbine reliability and longevity. In recent years, several turbine failures have been reported in the sugar industry. One of the most difficult tasks in mechanical system reliability analysis is gathering component life span data. Using time to failure (TTF) and time to repair (TTR) data gathered from several sugar industries using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test and best fit failure model, this study presents the frequent failure of the steam turbine components. For most of the components, Exponential-2P, Weibull-2P, and Normal are the distributions that best fit the TTF and TTR data, as well as critical components from reliability analysis results, such as Labyrinth, Labyrinth holder, bearing pad, etc. Based on the estimated reliability and maintainability results, preventive maintenance schedules are also suggested. </p>