<p>This study established a multi-residue detection method for pyraclostrobin, difenoconazole, dimethomorph and azoxystrobin in bitter melon and cucumber. The modified QuEChERS method was used for sample pretreatment. The samples were extracted with acetonitrile, cleaned up with Primary Secondary Amine and Graphitized Carbon Black, and detected by Gas Chromatograph with Electron Capture Detector. Through field residue test, the degradation patterns and residue characteristics of the four kinds of pesticide were investigated to verify the rationality of using pesticides in bitter melon compared with cucumber in production. The results showed that the standard curves of the four kinds of pesticide showed good linear relationships (R² &gt; 0.99). The average recoveries in bitter melon was 80.2–106.5%, corresponding to relative standard deviation was 2.3–7.8%, and that in cucumber was 76.3–106.8% and 2.5–6.2%. The degradation dynamics of four kinds of pesticide were in accordance with the first-order kinetic equations. The degradation dynamics of the two crops are similar, with half-lives of 2.4 d, 1.6 d, 1.1 d, 1.5 d and 2.3 d, 2.1 d, 1.9 d, 2.2 d. The residual amount of the four kinds of pesticide on bitter melon were far less than the maximum residue limit values on cucumber. The results can provide scientific basis and technical support for the residue detection and the safe use of pesticides in bitter melon.</p>