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Introduction <p>Sexual orientation and gender identity and expression (SOGIE) change efforts have consistently been found to negatively affect mental health. However, research specifically focusing on adolescents and young people in non-Western contexts remains scarce.</p> Methods <p>This study examined the prevalence of SOGIE change efforts and their associations with mental health among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, queer/questioning, nonbinary, asexual/aromantic, or other gender and sexually diverse (LGBTIQNA+) youth in Thailand. Data were collected in 2022 with a nationwide online survey of gender and sexually diverse youth (<i>N</i> = 3,094, mean age 17.61 years, 70.2% assigned female at birth).</p> Results <p>Altogether 42.4% of participants had experienced SOGIE change efforts, primarily from family members and educational personnel. Youth assigned male at birth, transgender and non-binary individuals, and individuals with an unspecified gender identity were more likely to report these experiences, although the effect sizes were small. Exposure to SOGIE change efforts was positively associated with depression symptoms, with internalized stigma mediating this association. Notably, these associations were significantly stronger among youth assigned male (versus female) at birth.</p> Conclusions <p>These findings highlight the substantial prevalence of SOGIE change efforts in Thailand and their associations with negative mental health among LGBTIQNA+ youth, particularly within the context of traditional masculinity and gendered propriety norms.</p> Policy implications <p>It is essential to develop comprehensive legal protection, community-based education, and culturally sensitive mental health services that foster an accepting and inclusive environment for LGBTIQNA+ youth.</p>

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Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity and Expression Change Efforts Among Gender and Sexually Diverse Youth: Associations With Internalized Stigma and Depression Symptoms

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月13日

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  • Randolph C. H. Chan,
  • Timo T. Ojanen,
  • Marcus Shengkai Lam,
  • Cody Freeman,
  • Priyoth Kittiteerasack,
  • Nanchatsan Sakunpong,
  • Sakol Sopitarchasak,
  • Peeranee Suparak,
  • Kulvadee Thongpibul,
  • Kawin Tiansuwan

摘要

Introduction

Sexual orientation and gender identity and expression (SOGIE) change efforts have consistently been found to negatively affect mental health. However, research specifically focusing on adolescents and young people in non-Western contexts remains scarce.

Methods

This study examined the prevalence of SOGIE change efforts and their associations with mental health among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, queer/questioning, nonbinary, asexual/aromantic, or other gender and sexually diverse (LGBTIQNA+) youth in Thailand. Data were collected in 2022 with a nationwide online survey of gender and sexually diverse youth (N = 3,094, mean age 17.61 years, 70.2% assigned female at birth).

Results

Altogether 42.4% of participants had experienced SOGIE change efforts, primarily from family members and educational personnel. Youth assigned male at birth, transgender and non-binary individuals, and individuals with an unspecified gender identity were more likely to report these experiences, although the effect sizes were small. Exposure to SOGIE change efforts was positively associated with depression symptoms, with internalized stigma mediating this association. Notably, these associations were significantly stronger among youth assigned male (versus female) at birth.

Conclusions

These findings highlight the substantial prevalence of SOGIE change efforts in Thailand and their associations with negative mental health among LGBTIQNA+ youth, particularly within the context of traditional masculinity and gendered propriety norms.

Policy implications

It is essential to develop comprehensive legal protection, community-based education, and culturally sensitive mental health services that foster an accepting and inclusive environment for LGBTIQNA+ youth.