Religiosity, Political Ideology, and Attitudes Toward Homosexuality Among Canadians
摘要
Despite growing acceptance toward homosexuality in many countries over the past two decades, public attitudes about gay and lesbian individuals remain divided along political and religious lines. While Canada is ranked as one of the most accepting countries globally, discrimination persists, prompting questions about the factors that sustain negative attitudes. This study examines how political ideology and religiosity—independently and interactively—shape Canadians’ attitudes toward homosexuality.
MethodsUsing the 2020 Canadian World Values Survey (N = 4,018), this study estimates linear models (OLS and LPM) linking religiosity indicators—importance, attendance, membership, and status—to attitudes toward homosexuality within the context of political ideology.
ResultsThe study reveals a strong link between political conservatism, religiosity, and lower levels of tolerance toward homosexuality. Interaction models show that political ideology intensifies the effects of religiosity, with religious attendance and personal importance of religion serving as the strongest predictors of negative attitudes on the political right. In addition, religious affiliation reinforcesconservative political alignment, further reducing acceptance of sexual minorities.
ConclusionsThese findings complicate narratives about Canada as uniformly accepting and reveal the moral and political cleavages that persist even in a broadly supportive national context. This research contributes to debates by showing how ideological commitment and religiosity interact to shape and reinforce moral boundaries.
Policy ImplicationsThe study suggests that legal equality alone does not erase the moral and ideological frameworks that produce opposition to sexual minorities. Consequently, social policy must account for persistent subnational moral variations and the reinforcing nature of religious and political identities when advancing inclusion for queer communities.