Analysis of Reports of Family and Intimate Partner Violence Against the LGBT Population in Brazil: Social and Political Implications
摘要
Violence is a socio-historical process shaped by inequities and power relations. The LGBTQIA+ population is particularly vulnerable to family and intimate partner violence. Social crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, intensify these vulnerabilities. This study analyzed reports of violence against lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transgenders and travestis between 2018 and 2022 in seven Brazilian states, covering the pre-pandemic (2018–19), pandemic (2020–21), and post-pandemic (2022) periods.
MethodDescriptive analyses were conducted to characterize victims, perpetrators, and situations of violence, and to identify referrals made and differences in the number of reports during the proposed time periods. Logistic regression analyses identified factors associated with physical, psychological, and sexual violence in the different LGBT groups.
ResultsA total of 11,359 reports were registered. Black people, youth, transgender people, and lesbians were identified as the main victims. Most perpetrators were male and intimate partners. Physical violence was the most frequent, and polyvictimization was identified in more than half of the cases. There was a decrease in reports during the pandemic and a significant increase in the following period. Each LGBT group exhibited specific experiences of violence.
ConclusionsFindings indicate that the pandemic period was marked by the invisibility and underreporting of domestic violence against LGBTQIA+ people. The increase in cases in 2022 reveals even greater vulnerabilities, underscoring the urgency of post-crisis public policies that address the specificities of each group, social markers, and political negligence for effective protection.
Policy ImplicationsThe development of more inclusive policies for mapping violence is recommended, considering the breadth of sexual and gender diversity, and adopting an intersectional approach that takes into account the multiplicity of aspects that may influence the dynamics of interpersonal violence. Furthermore, the State must recognize the impact of social crises on the increase in domestic violence, especially against previously marginalized groups.