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<p>Spearmint (<i>Mentha spicata</i> L.) is widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries for its wide range of properties. The quality and chemical composition of mint are significantly influenced by genetic factors and environmental conditions during production, including soil characteristics and agrochemical usage. To assess the impact of conventional, agroecological, and organic cultivation methods on the agronomic and biometrical parameters of mint, as well as the chemical composition of essential oils, samples from different cultivation systems were analyzed using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). Additionally, chlorophyll content (CHL), nitrogen balance index (NBI), epidermal UV- absorbance (FLV), and anthocyanin content (ANTH) were determined using Dualex® scientific forceps. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed to assess the influence of cultivation systems on the different functional groups of compounds. The results revealed significant differences among various spearmints in all measured parameters. Conventional mint exhibited the highest yield at both developmental stages, followed by agroecological mint. Organic and agroecological mint demonstrated higher phenolic and flavonoid contents. GC/MS analysis identified 13 compounds in agroecological spearmint, 11 compounds in organic, and 8 compounds in conventional spearmint. Agroecological mint displayed a greater diversity of compounds, including three additional molecules: sabinene, pulegone, and dihydrocarvyl (R)-acetate. D-Carvone consistently exhibited the highest peak area in the essential oils of agroecological (62.32%), organic (68.10%), and conventional (59.21%) mints. These differences in compound richness highlight the impact of specific cultivation practices employed in agroecological and organic approaches. Furthermore, effective discrimination between organic, agroecological, and conventional mints based on their compositions enables the identification of advantages and benefits associated with each agricultural system.</p>

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A comparative study on phytochemical composition, yield, morphological, and physiological characteristics of Mentha spicata (L.) across conventional, organic, and agroecological farming systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月19日

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  • Wijdane Rhioui,
  • Jamila Al Figuigui,
  • Houria Nekhla,
  • Asmae Benabderrahmane,
  • Saadia Belmalha

摘要

Spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) is widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries for its wide range of properties. The quality and chemical composition of mint are significantly influenced by genetic factors and environmental conditions during production, including soil characteristics and agrochemical usage. To assess the impact of conventional, agroecological, and organic cultivation methods on the agronomic and biometrical parameters of mint, as well as the chemical composition of essential oils, samples from different cultivation systems were analyzed using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). Additionally, chlorophyll content (CHL), nitrogen balance index (NBI), epidermal UV- absorbance (FLV), and anthocyanin content (ANTH) were determined using Dualex® scientific forceps. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed to assess the influence of cultivation systems on the different functional groups of compounds. The results revealed significant differences among various spearmints in all measured parameters. Conventional mint exhibited the highest yield at both developmental stages, followed by agroecological mint. Organic and agroecological mint demonstrated higher phenolic and flavonoid contents. GC/MS analysis identified 13 compounds in agroecological spearmint, 11 compounds in organic, and 8 compounds in conventional spearmint. Agroecological mint displayed a greater diversity of compounds, including three additional molecules: sabinene, pulegone, and dihydrocarvyl (R)-acetate. D-Carvone consistently exhibited the highest peak area in the essential oils of agroecological (62.32%), organic (68.10%), and conventional (59.21%) mints. These differences in compound richness highlight the impact of specific cultivation practices employed in agroecological and organic approaches. Furthermore, effective discrimination between organic, agroecological, and conventional mints based on their compositions enables the identification of advantages and benefits associated with each agricultural system.